ATI RN
Questions on the Endocrine System Questions
Question 1 of 5
What is gigantism?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Gigantism occurs when excess growth hormone (GH) from the pituitary stimulates epiphyseal cartilage growth before puberty, causing excessive height. Renal tubule issues define diabetes insipidus, low target gland stimulation relates to hypopituitarism (e.g., Simmond's), and prolactin excess causes hyperprolactinemia. Gigantism's link to GH and open growth plates distinguishes it, key to pediatric endocrinology, contrasting with post-closure acromegaly or unrelated hormone disorders.
Question 2 of 5
Which of these is not an endocrine gland?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Salivary glands are exocrine, secreting saliva via ducts for digestion, not hormones into blood. Pancreas (insulin), testes (testosterone), and parathyroid (PTH) are endocrine, releasing hormones systemically for glucose, reproduction, and calcium regulation. Salivary's ducted, non-hormonal output distinguishes it, contrasting with endocrine glands' blood-mediated roles, key to gland classification.
Question 3 of 5
Which hormones of the adrenal glands supplement the sex hormones from the gonads?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Gonadocorticoids (androgens like DHEA) from the adrenal cortex's zona reticularis supplement gonadal sex hormones (testosterone, estrogen), contributing to puberty and libido. Mineralocorticoids (aldosterone) regulate electrolytes, glucocorticoids (cortisol) manage stress/glucose, and epinephrine/norepinephrine handle acute stress none are sex hormones. Androgens' supportive role distinguishes them, key to adrenal-gonadal synergy, unlike electrolyte or stress hormones.
Question 4 of 5
Androgens are produced by the
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Androgens, like testosterone, are primarily produced by the testes in males, driving male traits and spermatogenesis. Ovaries produce minor androgens, the hypothalamus regulates via GnRH, and islets secrete insulin/glucagon not androgens. Testicular production distinguishes androgen's source, key to reproductive endocrinology, contrasting with regulatory or metabolic glands.
Question 5 of 5
The body's major metabolic hormone is released from the:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Thyroid hormone (T3/T4) from the thyroid regulates basal metabolic rate, influencing all cells' energy use. Pituitary (GH), thymus (immunity), and hypothalamus (regulatory) hormones don't match this scope. Thyroid hormone's metabolic dominance distinguishes it, key to systemic energy control, contrasting with growth or immune roles.