What is correct about a nursing diagnosis?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: A nursing diagnosis is a clinical judgment about individual, family, or community responses to actual or potential health problems or life processes. Choice A is correct because it identifies nursing diagnosis as related to human responses to health conditions or life processes. Choice B is incorrect because nursing diagnoses can change as the patient's condition changes. Choice C is incorrect because a nursing diagnosis is about responses, not just identifying pathology. Choice D is incorrect because a nursing diagnosis is not the same as a disease, illness, or injury; it is a statement about the patient's response to these conditions.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Factory workers are at risk of developing Carpal Tunnel Syndrome due to repetitive hand movements involved in their work. This condition occurs when the median nerve, which runs from the forearm into the palm of the hand, becomes pressed or squeezed at the wrist. Plantar fasciitis (choice A) is a condition affecting the foot, not typically associated with factory work. Osteomalacia (choice B) is a softening of the bones due to a lack of vitamin D or calcium, not directly related to repetitive stress in factory work. Osteoporosis (choice D) is a condition characterized by weak and brittle bones, usually associated with aging or hormonal changes rather than repetitive stress injuries.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C. Avoiding muscle strengthening exercises is not recommended for clients with osteoporosis; on the contrary, weight-bearing exercises are beneficial. Choice A is correct as ensuring adequate calcium and vitamin D intake is essential for bone health. Choice B is also correct as weight-bearing exercises help improve bone density. Choice D is incorrect because avoiding repetitive movements is not a standard nursing intervention for osteoporosis.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Acute compartment syndrome is the correct answer. It involves increased pressure within muscles, leading to decreased blood flow and tissue damage. Venous thromboembolism (Choice A) is a condition where a blood clot forms in a vein, usually in the leg. Fat embolism syndrome (Choice C) occurs when fat globules enter the bloodstream and block blood vessels. Hemorrhage (Choice D) refers to bleeding, which can occur with fractures but does not specifically involve increased pressure leading to decreased circulation as in acute compartment syndrome.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Proper hand hygiene is crucial in preventing infections such as osteomyelitis in clients with open fractures. Keeping the hands clean helps reduce the risk of introducing harmful pathogens to the wound site. Delegating all client personal care to specific unlicensed assistive personnel (Choice A) is not appropriate as direct involvement in wound care is essential in preventing infections. Placing the client in contact precautions (Choice B) is not directly related to preventing osteomyelitis in this context. Administering pain medication (Choice D) is important for managing the client's pain but does not directly address the prevention of osteomyelitis.