What is another name for sweat glands?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Sudiferous glands is the formal term for sweat glands, encompassing eccrine and apocrine types, which secrete sweat for cooling and excretion. Ceruminous glands produce earwax, sebaceous glands secrete sebum, and apocrine glands are a subset of sweat glands, not the whole category. 'Sudiferous' (from Latin 'sudor,' sweat) is the broad, accurate synonym, covering all sweat-producing glands in the skin, making it the correct alternative name.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The dermis is vascularized, with blood vessels supplying nutrients, while the epidermis is avascular, relying on diffusion from dermal capillaries. The epidermis is epithelial cells, not connective tissue (dermis has that). The dermis isn't exterior (epidermis is) and is part of the skin, not excluded. Vascularity's contrast epidermis lacking vessels, dermis rich with them defines their structural and functional difference, making this the accurate distinction.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Sudiferous glands (sweat glands) produce sweat, either watery (eccrine) or thicker (apocrine), for thermoregulation and excretion. Sebum is from sebaceous glands, cerumin (cerumen) from ceruminous glands, and 'merocrin' is a typo or misnomer (merocrine describes eccrine secretion mode, not a substance). Sweat's role as the sudiferous output, distinct from other glandular products, confirms it as the correct secretion.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Sweat glands, primarily eccrine, regulate body temperature by secreting sweat, which evaporates to cool the skin, a key thermoregulatory mechanism. Melanin production is melanocytes' job, not glands'. Hair follicle nourishment involves blood vessels and sebum, not sweat. Joint lubrication is synovial fluid's role, not skin-related. Sweat glands' production of water and electrolytes, triggered by heat or exercise, directly supports homeostasis by dissipating heat, making temperature regulation their primary function, widely recognized in physiology.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Melanocytes, in the stratum basale, produce melanin pigment, which colors skin and protects against UV radiation by absorbing it, reducing DNA damage. Temperature regulation involves sweat glands and vessels, not melanocytes. Sweat is from sudiferous glands, not pigment cells. Hair follicle nourishment comes from dermal blood and sebum, not melanocytes. Melanin's role in pigmentation and photoprotection, distributed to keratinocytes, defines their primary function, a vital epidermal process.