ATI RN
Age Specific Care Competency Questions
Question 1 of 5
What is an important aspect of managing refeeding syndrome in patients with anorexia nervosa?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because monitoring electrolytes closely during refeeding is crucial to prevent life-threatening complications such as electrolyte imbalances. Refeeding syndrome can lead to shifts in electrolytes, particularly phosphorus, potassium, and magnesium, which may result in cardiac arrhythmias, respiratory failure, or even death. Close monitoring allows for timely interventions to maintain electrolyte balance. Choice A is incorrect because refeeding a patient with high-calorie foods immediately can actually exacerbate refeeding syndrome by overwhelming the body's metabolic and electrolyte regulation processes. Choice C is incorrect because allowing the patient to eat whatever they want without restrictions can lead to rapid and uncontrolled weight gain, which may worsen medical complications. Choice D is incorrect because restricting fluid intake can also contribute to electrolyte imbalances and dehydration during refeeding.
Question 2 of 5
The mother of a 2-year-old tells the nurse at the well-child clinic that her child likes to take a blanket wherever he goes. The mother asks if she should take the blanket away from the child. The nurse counsels the mother to allow the child to have the blanket because it reminds him of his mother and comforts him. The basis for this counseling is:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Mahler's theory of object relations. Mahler's theory focuses on the development of a child's sense of self and relationships. In the scenario provided, the child's attachment to the blanket can be seen as a transitional object, which is a source of comfort and security, similar to the mother. This concept aligns with Mahler's theory that objects like blankets can serve as symbols of the mother and aid in the child's emotional development. Incorrect choices: B: Freud's developmental theory primarily focuses on psychosexual stages of development, which do not directly address the use of transitional objects. C: Kernberg's conceptualization of object constancy pertains to personality disorders and the ability to maintain stable relationships, not the use of transitional objects. D: Sullivan's theory of 'good me' is centered around interpersonal relationships and self-esteem, which are not directly related to the use of transitional objects in early childhood development.
Question 3 of 5
A patient remanded by the court after his wife had him jailed for battery told the judge how sorry he was and suggested he needed psychiatric help. His history reveals acting-out behaviors as an adolescent and several adult arrests. The nurse interviews him about his relationship with his wife. Which statement by the patient is most consistent with a diagnosis of antisocial personality disorder?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because it demonstrates a lack of remorse, empathy, and justification for violent behavior, which are key characteristics of antisocial personality disorder. The statement indicates a pattern of blaming others for his actions and a sense of entitlement to use violence as a means of control. Choice A is incorrect because it shows acknowledgment of past mistakes and a willingness to learn from them, which is not typical of individuals with antisocial personality disorder. Choice B is incorrect as it reflects genuine regret and concern for the impact of his actions, which is inconsistent with the disorder. Choice C is incorrect because it implies an ability to control his temper, whereas individuals with antisocial personality disorder often struggle with impulsivity and aggression.
Question 4 of 5
Which nursing diagnosis would be appropriate for a patient with Alzheimer disease?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Disturbed thought processes related to irreversible brain disorder. This nursing diagnosis is appropriate for a patient with Alzheimer's disease because Alzheimer's is characterized by cognitive decline and disturbances in thought processes due to irreversible brain changes. Disorientation related to hyperthermia (A) is not directly associated with Alzheimer's. Anxiety related to dementia (B) is a symptom of Alzheimer's, not a nursing diagnosis. Disturbed sensory perception related to alcohol abuse (C) is not relevant to a patient with Alzheimer's disease. It is crucial to focus on the specific symptoms and characteristics of Alzheimer's disease when selecting the appropriate nursing diagnosis.
Question 5 of 5
An elderly patient with dementia paces the hallway and often engages in wandering. The nurse documents that the patient is exhibiting which type of behavior that is characteristic of dementia?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Nonaggressive psychomotor behavior. In dementia, wandering and pacing are common behaviors due to cognitive impairment. Nonaggressive behavior refers to actions that do not involve harm or aggression towards others. The patient's behavior is voluntary and purposeless, indicating psychomotor involvement. Choices A, B, and C do not accurately describe the behavior exhibited by the patient with dementia. Passive behavior implies lack of engagement, functionally impaired behavior suggests difficulty performing activities of daily living, and involuntary psychomotor behavior implies actions beyond the patient's control, which are not the case in this scenario.