What is an example of a positive outcome for one of the Leading Health Indicators of Healthy People 2020?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because adopting a no smoking policy aligns with the Leading Health Indicator of Healthy People 2020 related to tobacco use. This policy promotes a healthier environment and reduces the risk of tobacco-related diseases. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because they do not directly relate to the Leading Health Indicators of Healthy People 2020. Choice B may improve access to services but is not a specific health indicator. Choice C focuses on education, not a health indicator. Choice D, while positive for social well-being, is not a health indicator addressed by Healthy People 2020.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: The person, the environment or situation, and health. Nursing theory's paradigm involves these key linkages. The person represents the patient or individual receiving care, the environment or situation includes the context in which care is provided, and health is the ultimate goal of nursing practice. These components are interconnected and integral to understanding the focus of nursing theory. Choice B, stress reduction, self-care, and a systems model, may be relevant concepts in nursing practice but do not encompass the broader perspective of nursing theory's paradigm. Choice C, curative care, restorative care, and terminal care, focus more on specific types of care rather than the foundational components of nursing theory's paradigm.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: A 17-year-old who is sexually active with numerous partners. This individual is at highest risk for contracting HIV due to engaging in unprotected sex with multiple partners, increasing the likelihood of exposure to the virus. Adolescents are a high-risk group due to factors like peer pressure, lack of awareness, and inconsistent condom use. Summary of other choices: B: A 45-year-old lesbian with two partners in the past year - Lesbian sexual activity has a lower risk of HIV transmission compared to heterosexual or male homosexual activity. C: A 30-year-old cocaine user who works in a topless bar - Cocaine use and working in a topless bar do not directly increase the risk of HIV transmission. D: A 34-year-old male homosexual in a monogamous relationship - Being in a monogamous relationship reduces the risk of contracting HIV compared to individuals with multiple sexual partners.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because designing and implementing a no smoking campaign at the local high school addresses the leading health indicator of reducing tobacco use, which is a priority in Healthy People 2020. This intervention directly targets a key health issue and aligns with the goals of the initiative. A, leading a water aerobics class, does not specifically address a leading health indicator of Healthy People 2020. B, teaching cultural awareness, while important, is not directly related to a specific health indicator. D, providing glucometers, does not address a leading health indicator of Healthy People 2020 and focuses on a different health issue. Therefore, C is the most appropriate intervention in this scenario.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D, the 60-year-old homeless person who is an alcoholic and smokes, has the greatest risk for developing community-acquired pneumonia due to multiple risk factors. Alcoholism and smoking weaken the immune system and damage the lungs, increasing susceptibility to infections like pneumonia. Homelessness may lead to poor living conditions and limited access to healthcare, further increasing the risk. The other choices, a 40-year-old first-grade teacher, and a 75-year-old retired secretary, do not have the same level of risk factors as the homeless person. The retired secretary's exercise-induced wheezing may indicate asthma or another respiratory condition, but it does not directly increase the risk of pneumonia as much as the combination of alcoholism, smoking, and homelessness.