ATI RN
Pediatric HESI Test Bank Questions
Question 1 of 5
what is an appropriate nursing intervention while the child with nephrotic syndrome is confined to bed?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: While a child with nephrotic syndrome is confined to bed, changing their position frequently is an appropriate nursing intervention to prevent complications associated with immobility. Constant pressure on certain areas of the body can lead to skin breakdown, discomfort, and decreased circulation which can exacerbate the child's condition. Changing positions frequently helps prevent these complications and promotes circulation and comfort. Restraints should only be used when necessary for the safety of the child or others, passive rang-of-motion exercises should be done more frequently than once a day to prevent contractures, and discouraging parents from holding their child can have negative emotional and psychological effects on the child's well-being.
Question 2 of 5
Parents of a newborn ask the nurse why vitamin K is being administered. The nurse accurately responds by explaining phytonadione (vitamin K) is administered to the newborn to:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Vitamin K is essential for the production of clotting factors in the liver. Newborns have lower levels of vitamin K and may not have a fully functioning clotting system, putting them at risk for bleeding disorders such as vitamin K deficiency bleeding (VKDB). Administering vitamin K to newborns helps prevent these bleeding issues and ensures proper clotting function. It does not have a direct effect on enhancing the immune response, preventing bacterial infections, or maintaining nutritional status, as its primary function in this context is to prevent bleeding disorders.
Question 3 of 5
Which nursing consideration is important when caring for a child with impetigo contagiosa?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Carefully washing hands and maintaining cleanliness when caring for an infected child with impetigo contagiosa is important due to its highly contagious nature. Impetigo is a skin infection that is easily spread through direct contact with the lesions or with items contaminated by the infected person such as towels, clothing, or bedding. By washing hands and maintaining cleanliness, caregivers can help prevent the spread of infection to others and minimize the risk of re-infection to the child. This nursing consideration is crucial in managing impetigo and promoting the child's recovery.
Question 4 of 5
Which may be given to high-risk children after exposure to chickenpox to prevent varicella?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: VCZ immune globulin (VariZIG) is given to high-risk children after exposure to chickenpox to prevent varicella. VariZIG contains antibodies against the varicella-zoster virus, providing passive immunity to the child. This can help reduce the severity of the infection or prevent it altogether in high-risk individuals. Acyclovir (Zovirax) is an antiviral medication used to treat varicella infections but is not typically used for prevention post-exposure. Varicella globulin is not a treatment for varicella. Diphenhydramine hydrochloride (Benadryl) is an antihistamine and is not used for preventing varicella post-exposure.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is helping parents achieve a more nutritionally adequate vegetarian diet for their child. Which is most likely lacking in their particular diet?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A vegetarian diet can provide adequate amounts of protein, fat, and even complete protein if well-balanced. However, certain essential nutrients like vitamins C and A are more commonly found in higher concentrations in animal-based products. Therefore, in a vegetarian diet, particularly if not carefully planned, there may be a potential lack of these specific vitamins. It is important for the nurse to educate the parents on alternative plant-based sources of vitamins C and A to ensure their child's nutritional requirements are met.