ATI RN
Pediatric Nursing Exam Flashcards Questions
Question 1 of 5
What is an anion gap?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The anion gap is calculated as (Na⺠- [Clâ» + HCO₃â»]) and represents unmeasured anions in plasma. It helps differentiate metabolic acidosis causes, with high values suggesting lactic acidosis or toxin ingestion.
Question 2 of 5
The MOST common reported adverse effect of first-generation antihistamines is
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: First-generation antihistamines cross the blood-brain barrier and commonly cause sedation.
Question 3 of 5
In neonates, apnea of prematurity is due to:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Apnea of prematurity is caused by an immature central respiratory drive in preterm infants. It leads to intermittent pauses in breathing and can be managed with caffeine therapy and respiratory support if needed.
Question 4 of 5
The dose of adrenaline IV for cardiac arrest:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The recommended IV epinephrine dose in pediatric cardiac arrest is 10 mcg/kg (0.01 mg/kg). It enhances cardiac output by increasing heart rate, contractility, and vasoconstriction, improving perfusion.
Question 5 of 5
You are asked to explain breath-holding spells concept to a staff nurse during morning rounds. Of the following, the BEST statement is that it is a/an
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Breath-holding spells are often triggered by emotional reactions such as frustration or anger.