ATI RN
Quizlet Pharmacology ATI Questions
Question 1 of 5
What is an adverse reaction to Montelukast? (select all that apply)
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B) Stevens-Johnsons Syndrome. Montelukast, a leukotriene receptor antagonist used to manage asthma and allergic rhinitis, has been associated with severe skin reactions like Stevens-Johnsons Syndrome. This condition is characterized by a painful rash that can lead to skin peeling and blistering. Option A) Stroke is not an adverse reaction associated with Montelukast. Montelukast is not known to increase the risk of stroke. Option C) Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis is a severe skin condition, but it is not a documented adverse reaction to Montelukast. Option D) Suicidal thoughts/Behaviors have been reported in rare cases with Montelukast use, especially in adolescents. However, this is not the adverse reaction specifically asked for in this question. In an educational context, understanding the potential adverse reactions of medications is crucial for healthcare providers to ensure patient safety. By knowing the specific adverse effects of drugs like Montelukast, healthcare professionals can monitor patients effectively, provide appropriate patient education, and intervene promptly if adverse reactions occur.
Question 2 of 5
Which of the following is NOT a clinical features of inflammation:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The clinical features of inflammation are known by the Latin terms "rubor" (redness), "calor" (heat), "tumor" (swelling), and "dolor" (pain). These are classic signs of inflammation that occur in response to tissue injury or infection. "Bacterial invasion" is not a clinical feature, but rather a cause of inflammation. Bacterial invasion can lead to the activation of the inflammatory response, resulting in the characteristic signs of inflammation such as redness, heat, swelling, and pain.
Question 3 of 5
A patient is taking aspirin for secondary prevention of myocardial infarction and is experiencing moderate gastrointestinal upset. The nurse will contact the patient's provider to discuss changing from aspirin to which of the following?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The patient is experiencing gastrointestinal upset from taking aspirin. Enteric-coated aspirin would be a suitable alternative in this case because the special coating on the aspirin helps protect the stomach lining and reduces the risk of gastrointestinal irritation. Switching to an enteric-coated aspirin can still provide the antiplatelet benefits needed for secondary prevention of myocardial infarction while minimizing the gastrointestinal side effects. It is important to address the patient's symptoms while ensuring that they continue to receive appropriate treatment for their medical condition.
Question 4 of 5
What medication, if ordered for an 8-year-old patient, should the nurse question? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Amiodarone, labetalol, and carvedilol are not indicated for pediatric use and do not have established pediatric dosages. Phentolamine and prazosin have established pediatric dosages and would not need to be questioned. The nurse should always verify the appropriateness of medications for pediatric patients, as their pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics differ from adults.
Question 5 of 5
The health care provider orders a hypertonic crystalloid IV solution for a 70-year-old patient. Which solution will the nurse hang?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A hypertonic solution has a higher solute concentration than plasma, drawing fluid into the intravascular space. 5% dextrose in 0.9% sodium chloride (D) is hypertonic. Lactated Ringer's (A) and 0.45% sodium chloride (B) are hypotonic, while 0.9% sodium chloride (C) is isotonic. Hypertonic solutions are used to treat severe hyponatremia or cerebral edema but must be administered cautiously to avoid fluid overload.