What is alprazolam (Xanax) used for?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Antianxiety and sedative. Alprazolam (Xanax) is a benzodiazepine used primarily to treat anxiety disorders and panic attacks due to its anxiolytic and sedative properties. It works by enhancing the effects of a neurotransmitter called GABA in the brain, which helps to reduce anxiety and promote relaxation. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because alprazolam is not classified as an antidepressant, antipsychotic, or anticonvulsant medication. It is important to differentiate the intended uses of medications to ensure appropriate treatment.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Buspirone (Buspar) is a medication primarily used to treat anxiety disorders, including generalized anxiety disorder, panic disorder, and social anxiety disorder. It is not indicated for OCD, depression, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, or psychosis. The correct answer is A because buspirone's mechanism of action involves affecting serotonin receptors, making it effective for managing anxiety symptoms. It is not commonly used for the other conditions listed in the choices.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: An opioid used for mild pain. Codeine is a mild opioid analgesic commonly used to treat mild to moderate pain. It works by binding to opioid receptors in the brain and spinal cord, reducing the perception of pain. Codeine is not an antidepressant (B), antianxiety medication (C), or anticonvulsant (D), as it does not primarily target those conditions. It is important to use codeine under medical supervision due to its potential for misuse and addiction.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Rationale: A) Phenelzine and tranylcypromine are examples of MAOIs, which inhibit the enzyme monoamine oxidase. This action increases levels of neurotransmitters like serotonin, norepinephrine, and dopamine. These medications are used to treat depression and anxiety disorders by rebalancing neurotransmitters. B) Fluoxetine and sertraline are SSRIs, not MAOIs. C) Lithium and valproate are mood stabilizers, not MAOIs. D) None of the above is incorrect as A is the correct answer.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because codeine, hydrocodone, and oxycodone are all examples of opioids. Opioids are a class of drugs that act on the nervous system to relieve pain. Codeine, hydrocodone, and oxycodone are commonly prescribed for pain relief. Choice B includes antidepressants (fluoxetine, sertraline, and paroxetine) which do not belong to the opioid class. Choice C includes mood stabilizers (lithium, valproate, and carbamazepine) that are also unrelated to opioids. Choice D states "None of the above," which is incorrect as choice A includes examples of opioids.