ATI RN
Basic Care of Dying Patient Questions
Question 1 of 5
What is a type of intravenous line that is inserted into a large vein in the body?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B, Central venous line. This type of intravenous line is inserted into a large vein in the body, typically in the neck, chest, or groin area. It is used for administering medications, fluids, blood products, and for monitoring central venous pressure. Peripheral line (A) is inserted into a smaller vein in the periphery, not a large vein. Gastrostomy line (C) is used for feeding directly into the stomach. Nasogastric line (D) is inserted through the nose into the stomach for feeding or drainage.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is preparing a patient for surgery. Which goal is a priority for assessing the patient before surgery?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Establish a patient's baseline of normal function. Before surgery, it is crucial to assess the patient's baseline health status to identify any deviations from normal functioning that could affect the surgical outcome. This assessment helps in detecting any potential risks or complications during the surgical procedure. Options A, C, and D are not the priority because planning for care after the procedure, educating the patient and family, and gathering appropriate equipment are important but secondary to ensuring the patient's baseline health status is well understood before surgery.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is caring for a postoperative patient who has had a minimally invasive carpel tunnel repair. The patient has a temperature of 97° F and is shivering. Which reason will the nurse most likely consider as the primary cause when planning care?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Anesthesia lowers metabolism. Anesthesia can disrupt the body's ability to regulate temperature by suppressing the body's natural thermoregulation mechanisms, leading to hypothermia and shivering. Shivering is a common response to anesthesia-induced hypothermia as the body tries to generate heat. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because surgical suites having air currents, the patient being dressed only in a gown, and the large open body cavity contributing to heat loss are not the primary causes of the patient's shivering in this context.
Question 4 of 5
Which of the following findings is most concerning in a patient with chest pain?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C. Shortness of breath and diaphoresis are concerning symptoms in a patient with chest pain as they may indicate a serious cardiac event like a heart attack. Shortness of breath suggests possible heart or lung involvement, while diaphoresis (excessive sweating) can be a sign of significant stress on the body. These symptoms warrant immediate medical attention to rule out life-threatening conditions. Choice A, a burning sensation after eating, is more suggestive of acid reflux or indigestion and is not typically associated with acute cardiac issues. Choice B, pain that improves with rest, is more indicative of musculoskeletal or non-cardiac causes of chest pain. Choice D, pain that worsens with palpation, is more likely related to musculoskeletal or chest wall issues rather than a cardiac emergency.
Question 5 of 5
You are transporting a 20-year-old pregnant female from a local hospital to a medical facility that specializes in high-risk pregnancies when you note the patient is experiencing unexplained hypotension and bradycardia. The patient has a patent IV and is being administered magnesium that was initiated by hospital staff. On the cardiac monitor, the patient presents with a lengthening PR interval and signs of an impending high-degree nodal block. Which of the following interventions would be most appropriate in this case?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Stop the magnesium sulfate infusion immediately, and administer the appropriate dose of calcium chloride to correct the adverse effects of magnesium toxicity. Rationale: 1. Magnesium toxicity can lead to hypotension, bradycardia, and cardiac conduction abnormalities. 2. Stopping the magnesium infusion is crucial to prevent further adverse effects. 3. Calcium chloride is the antidote for magnesium toxicity as it competes with magnesium for binding sites on cardiac cells, restoring normal cardiac function. 4. Administering a normal saline bolus (choice A) would not address the underlying cause of magnesium toxicity. 5. Administering potassium chloride (choice C) is not appropriate as it can exacerbate the cardiac effects of magnesium toxicity. 6. Reducing the magnesium infusion and administering dextrose 50% (choice D) would not address the magnesium toxicity and may not reverse the cardiac effects.