What is a symptom of engorgement?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: shiny, hard breast. Engorgement is characterized by a significant increase in blood and lymph fluid in the breast tissue, causing the breasts to become swollen, shiny, and hard. This occurs when milk production exceeds removal, leading to congestion and inflammation. Protuberant nipples (A) may be a result of engorgement but are not a defining symptom. Insufficient milk production (C) is not a symptom of engorgement but rather a separate issue related to milk supply. Soft, lumpy breast (D) is more indicative of a blocked duct or mastitis, not engorgement.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Scrub the incision well twice daily. This is the correct answer because it emphasizes proper hygiene to prevent infection without causing harm to the incision site. Cleaning the incision twice daily helps to keep it clean and reduce the risk of infection. B: Removing the dressing the day after birth is incorrect as it may disrupt the healing process and increase the risk of infection. C: Staples being removed the day after birth is incorrect because staple removal timing varies depending on individual healing progress and is typically done by a healthcare provider. D: Vertical incisions healing faster with less pain is incorrect as healing time and pain tolerance vary among individuals and are not solely determined by the incision type.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: traumatic birth. Traumatic birth can lead to postpartum depression (PPD) due to the physical and emotional stress experienced during labor and delivery. This can trigger feelings of anxiety, helplessness, and trauma that contribute to the development of PPD. Vaginal birth (choice A) and breast-feeding (choice D) are not inherently risk factors for PPD. Family support (choice B) is typically considered a protective factor against PPD, providing emotional and practical assistance for new mothers.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Baby blues last longer than 14 days. Baby blues typically resolve within 1-2 weeks postpartum. If symptoms persist for more than 14 days, it may indicate postpartum depression (PPD). Choice B is incorrect as hallucinations are not a common symptom of baby blues. Choice C is incorrect because baby blues can occur within the first few weeks postpartum, not just the first few days. Choice D is incorrect because baby blues are usually managed with support, counseling, and self-care, not inpatient therapy.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because screening for Postpartum Depression (PPD) with the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) is crucial for the well-being of postpartum individuals. PPD is a common and serious condition that can affect the mother's mental health and bonding with the baby. Early detection and intervention are key to ensuring proper support and treatment. Choice B, screening for drug use, is not a routine assessment for all postpartum persons unless there are specific risk factors present. Choice C, screening for breast-feeding failure, is important but not the most critical assessment to perform on all postpartum individuals. Choice D, screening for contraception contraindications, is important for family planning but is not as immediate or essential as screening for PPD.