What is a surgical procedure for diverting the passage of urine?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Urostomy. This surgical procedure diverts the passage of urine by creating a stoma through the abdominal wall to allow urine to exit the body. Colostomy (A) diverts feces, Ileostomy (B) diverts small intestine contents, and Gastrostomy (D) creates an opening for feeding tube placement. Urostomy specifically addresses diverting urine flow.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Gangrene. Gangrene refers to the death of body tissue due to a lack of blood supply or infection. Eczema (choice A) is a skin condition characterized by inflammation and itching, not tissue death. Hematoma (choice B) is a localized collection of blood outside blood vessels and does not involve tissue death. Psoriasis (choice D) is a chronic skin condition characterized by red, itchy, and scaly patches, but it does not involve tissue death. Therefore, the correct choice is Gangrene as it specifically refers to the death of tissue.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Trachea. The trachea is an air passage that connects the pharynx to the bronchi, allowing air to pass into the lungs. The epiglottis (A) is a flap of tissue that covers the trachea during swallowing to prevent food from entering the airway. Sphincter (C) refers to a ring-like muscle that controls the opening and closing of a passage, not specifically related to the airway. Ventricle (D) is a term used to describe a chamber within an organ, such as the heart, and is not part of the respiratory system.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Pupil. The pupil is the opening in the center of the iris through which light enters the eye. It dilates or constricts to regulate the amount of light entering the eye, thus adjusting to different lighting conditions. The other choices are incorrect because: A: Sclera is the tough, white outer layer of the eyeball that helps maintain the eye's shape. B: Iris is the colored part of the eye that controls the size of the pupil. D: Cornea is the transparent outer covering of the eye that helps focus light onto the retina.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Excessive urination. This is a classic symptom of diabetes, known as polyuria, caused by high blood sugar levels leading to increased urine production. Excessive urination is a result of the kidneys trying to eliminate the excess glucose from the body through urine. A: Moist firm skin is not a sign of diabetes. B: Unexplained weight gain is more commonly associated with conditions like hypothyroidism, not diabetes. D: Low blood pressure is not a typical sign of diabetes; high blood pressure is more commonly associated with the condition.