ATI RN
ATI RN Pharmacology Proctored Exam 2023 Quizlet Questions
Question 1 of 5
What is a side effect of Heparin?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Heparin is an anticoagulant medication that works by preventing the formation of blood clots. One of the main side effects of heparin therapy is an increased risk of bleeding. Since heparin inhibits the body's ability to clot blood, it can lead to easy bruising, nosebleeds, gastrointestinal bleeding, or bleeding at the injection site. Patients on heparin therapy must be closely monitored for signs of bleeding, and their dosage may need to be adjusted to minimize this risk.
Question 2 of 5
Acyclovir has been ordered for a patient with genital herpes. Which nursing interventions are appropriate for this patient? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Acyclovir can cause nephrotoxicity, so monitoring blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine levels is essential. Hypertension is not a common side effect of acyclovir. Intravenous acyclovir should be administered over at least 1 hour to prevent renal toxicity. Adequate fluid intake helps prevent crystalluria and nephrotoxicity.
Question 3 of 5
A 48-year-old woman pricks her finger on a rose bush while pruning. A few days later, she develops small, red lesions near the wound and a red track ascending her hand toward her trunk. Her doctor prescribes itraconazole for the sporotrichosis. What is the mechanism of action of this medication?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Sporotrichosis, from Sporothrix schenckii, requires antifungals like itraconazole. Option , inhibiting lanosterol to ergosterol conversion, is correct-itraconazole blocks 14-α-demethylase, disrupting fungal membrane synthesis. Option , pore formation, is amphotericin B's mechanism. Option , microtubule disruption, is griseofulvin's. Option , squalene monooxygenase inhibition, is terbinafine's. Option (E), 5-FU conversion, is flucytosine's. Itraconazole's ergosterol inhibition effectively treats this subcutaneous infection, targeting fungal viability.
Question 4 of 5
Action of tranexamic acid
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Tranexamic acid is an antifibrinolytic agent, which means it works by inhibiting the breakdown of blood clots. It does this by blocking the activation of plasmin, which is responsible for breaking down fibrin clots. This action helps in promoting clot stability and reducing bleeding. Tranexamic acid is commonly used to treat or prevent excessive bleeding in various conditions, such as heavy menstrual bleeding, surgery, trauma, and certain medical procedures.
Question 5 of 5
A patient has been taking digoxin at home but took an accidental overdose and has developed toxicity. The patient has been admitted to the telemetry unit, where the physician has ordered
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct response is to inform the patient that the medication, likely an antiarrhythmic agent such as digoxin immune fab (Digibind), helps to convert the irregular heart rhythm caused by digoxin toxicity to a more normal rhythm. This explanation provides a clear understanding of why the medication is being administered in cases of digoxin toxicity. It is important for the nurse to educate the patient about the purpose of the medication and how it will help manage the symptoms of digoxin toxicity.