What is a risk factor for uterine atony?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: multiple gestation. Multiple gestation is a risk factor for uterine atony due to the increased uterine size and stretched muscle fibers, which can lead to decreased uterine tone postpartum. This can result in excessive bleeding. A: Small for gestational age is not typically a risk factor for uterine atony as it refers to the size of the baby, not the uterus. B: Primipara (first-time mother) may have a higher risk of uterine atony due to less uterine tone from lack of previous pregnancies, but it is not as significant as multiple gestation. D: Intrauterine growth restriction refers to the baby's growth, not the mother's risk of uterine atony.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because skin tenting with testing of skin turgor is a classic sign of fluid volume deficit. When there is a lack of fluid in the body, the skin loses its elasticity, causing it to tent or stay elevated when pinched. This indicates dehydration. Choice B, hypertension, is incorrect because fluid volume deficit typically leads to hypotension, not hypertension. Choice C, bradycardia, is also incorrect as fluid volume deficit usually causes tachycardia to compensate for decreased blood volume. Choice D, bounding pulse, is incorrect as it is associated with fluid overload, not deficit.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: ineffective latch. An ineffective latch during breastfeeding can lead to cracked, sore nipples due to improper positioning and poor attachment of the baby to the breast. This can cause friction and irritation on the nipples, leading to pain and discomfort. It is crucial for the baby to have a deep latch to ensure proper milk transfer and to prevent nipple damage. Summary: A: A hungry infant may lead to more frequent feedings but not necessarily cause cracked, sore nipples. B: Pumping alone does not directly cause cracked, sore nipples; it is more related to how the baby latches during breastfeeding. D: While a lack of supportive bra may contribute to discomfort, it is not the primary reason for cracked, sore nipples.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Pump between nursing sessions. This intervention helps stimulate milk production by emptying the breasts more frequently. Pumping increases demand for milk, signaling the body to produce more. Nursing every 6 hours (B) reduces milk supply due to less frequent stimulation. Keeping newborn in bassinet (C) limits nursing opportunities. Offering a pacifier (D) may decrease milk supply by reducing nursing frequency. Therefore, option A is the most effective intervention to increase milk supply.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because pain with movement is typically more intense after a cesarean birth compared to a vaginal birth. This is due to the surgery involving abdominal muscles and tissues. Breastfeeding is not discouraged after a cesarean birth; in fact, it is encouraged. Lochia, postpartum bleeding, is not necessarily heavier after a cesarean birth. Gas pain is more commonly associated with cesarean births due to reduced mobility and effects of anesthesia. Therefore, choice C is the most fitting difference between the two types of birth recoveries.