What is a risk factor associated with cancer of the pancreas?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In the context of Med-Surg Gastrointestinal NCLEX questions, the correct answer to the question of the risk factor associated with cancer of the pancreas is B) Cigarette smoking. Understanding this involves knowledge of the relationship between cigarette smoking and pancreatic cancer. Cigarette smoking is a well-established risk factor for pancreatic cancer due to the carcinogens present in tobacco smoke that can damage the pancreas over time, leading to the development of cancerous cells. Option A) Alcohol intake is not directly linked to pancreatic cancer, although heavy alcohol consumption can contribute to other gastrointestinal issues. Option C) Exposure to asbestos is associated with lung cancer, particularly mesothelioma, but not pancreatic cancer. Option D) Increased dietary intake of spoiled milk products is not a recognized risk factor for pancreatic cancer. Educationally, it is crucial for nursing students preparing for the NCLEX to grasp the specific risk factors for different types of cancer, as this knowledge can inform patient education, prevention strategies, and early detection efforts. Understanding the correlation between cigarette smoking and pancreatic cancer underscores the importance of smoking cessation interventions in reducing the risk of developing this deadly disease.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In an ambulatory care GI clinic, the most appropriate task to assign to the LPN/LVN would be to assist the physician in incision and drainage of a pilonidal cyst (option B). This task falls within the scope of practice for an LPN/LVN as it involves direct patient care and assistance during a procedure that does not require advanced nursing assessment or evaluation skills. Option A is incorrect because teaching self-care measures for hemorrhoids requires a higher level of nursing assessment and education, which is typically within the scope of an RN. Option C involves evaluating a client's response to treatment, which requires nursing assessment and decision-making skills beyond the scope of an LPN/LVN. Option D involves describing the basic pathophysiology of an anal fistula, which requires a higher level of understanding and knowledge dissemination than what an LPN/LVN is typically responsible for in an ambulatory care setting. Educationally, understanding the scope of practice for different levels of nursing staff is crucial in assigning tasks appropriately to ensure safe and effective patient care. LPN/LVNs play a vital role in the healthcare team but are limited in certain responsibilities compared to RNs. This question highlights the importance of delegation based on skill level and scope of practice guidelines.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: In this scenario, the most useful assessment measure for monitoring a client with peptic ulcer disease is option D, assessing the vital signs and fluid status. Assessing vital signs and fluid status is crucial because peptic ulcer disease can lead to complications such as hemorrhage or perforation, which can result in significant changes in vital signs like tachycardia, hypotension, and signs of hypovolemic shock. Monitoring fluid status is essential to detect dehydration, a common complication of peptic ulcers due to decreased oral intake or blood loss. Option A, assessing bowel patterns and stool characteristics, may provide information about gastrointestinal bleeding, but changes in vital signs would be a more immediate and reliable indicator of complications like hemorrhage. Option B, evaluating the client's skin for signs of infection, is not directly related to monitoring for complications of peptic ulcer disease. Skin assessment is important for other conditions but is not the priority in this context. Option C, evaluating the emotional status, while important for holistic care, is not the most useful measure for monitoring medical complications in a client with peptic ulcer disease. Emotional status assessment is more relevant in assessing stress levels, coping mechanisms, or anxiety related to the illness. In an educational context, understanding the rationale behind selecting the most appropriate assessment measure helps nurses prioritize their care and interventions effectively. By emphasizing the importance of monitoring vital signs and fluid status in clients with peptic ulcer disease, nurses can improve patient outcomes and ensure timely interventions for any developing complications.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B) Report if there is resistance when the catheter reaches the nipple valve. Rationale: - When a client with an ileostomy is using a catheter, encountering resistance when the catheter reaches the nipple valve could indicate a potential blockage or complication that needs immediate attention. Reporting this resistance promptly to a healthcare provider is crucial for early intervention and prevention of further complications. - Option A) Avoid warming the catheter before inserting it into the ileal pouch is incorrect because warming the catheter can actually help make the insertion process more comfortable for the client and reduce the risk of injury. - Option C) Avoid coughing when the catheter is being inserted into the ileal pouch is incorrect as coughing should not directly impact the insertion process. However, if the client experiences coughing fits, they should pause until they are able to proceed safely. - Option D) Clean catheter with soapy water and store it in a plastic bag after use is incorrect as catheters used for ileostomy care should be cleaned with mild soap and water, rinsed thoroughly, and air-dried to maintain hygiene and prevent infections. Educational Context: Understanding the correct technique for using a catheter with an ileostomy is essential for nurses caring for clients with this condition. Recognizing signs of potential issues, such as resistance when inserting the catheter, is critical for early intervention and ensuring the client's well-being. Nurses must be knowledgeable about proper stoma care techniques to provide safe and effective care to clients with ostomies.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A) Lightly percuss over all four quadrants. Educational Rationale: After auscultating the abdomen, the next step should be to lightly percuss over all four quadrants. Percussion helps to assess the density of underlying structures and can reveal the presence of fluid, air, or solid masses in the abdomen. This technique provides valuable information about the abdominal organs and helps in identifying abnormalities. Explanation of other options: B) Having the patient empty his or her bladder is not the immediate priority after auscultation of the abdomen. While bladder distention can sometimes affect abdominal assessment, it is not the next step after auscultation. C) Inspecting perianal and anal areas is important but not the immediate action following auscultation. This step is more relevant in a comprehensive abdominal assessment but not the immediate next step. D) Performing deep palpation to delineate abdominal organs and masses is not recommended immediately after auscultation. Deep palpation should follow light palpation and percussion to avoid causing discomfort or missing subtle abnormalities. Educational context: Understanding the sequence of abdominal assessment techniques is crucial for nurses, especially in the context of NCLEX exams and clinical practice. Following a systematic approach ensures a thorough and accurate assessment, leading to appropriate interventions and patient care. Light percussion aids in gathering essential information about the abdomen's condition and guides further assessment and care planning.