What is a positive symptom of schizophrenia?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: delusion. Positive symptoms of schizophrenia are behaviors or symptoms that are added to a person's personality, such as delusions. Delusions are false beliefs that are not based on reality, commonly seen in individuals with schizophrenia. Anhedonia (B) is a negative symptom characterized by the inability to experience pleasure. Apathy (C) is also a negative symptom associated with a lack of interest, motivation, or emotions. Mutism (D) is not specific to schizophrenia and refers to the inability or refusal to speak. Therefore, the correct answer is A because delusions are a classic positive symptom of schizophrenia.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because waving fists, cursing, and shouting threats indicate aggressive and confrontational behavior, which are common signs of a behavioral crisis. This behavior poses a potential threat to others and requires immediate intervention. In contrast, choices B and C show distress or withdrawal, not crisis-level behavior. Choice D depicts an unusual behavior but does not necessarily indicate a crisis. In summary, the correct answer best aligns with the aggressive and threatening behavior typically seen in a behavioral crisis.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: monitoring client treatment adherence. Nurses play a key role in ensuring patients comply with their treatment plans. This involves monitoring medication intake, therapy attendance, and following through with other recommended interventions. Nurses do not have the authority to prescribe medication (choice A) or perform surgical procedures (choice D). While some nurses may be trained in providing counseling, conducting psychotherapy sessions (choice B) is typically the role of licensed therapists or psychologists.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: When setting limits, be specific and outline consequences. This is the most appropriate advice for working with patients with oppositional defiant disorder. By being specific and outlining consequences, the nurse establishes clear boundaries and expectations. This approach helps the patient understand the consequences of their actions and promotes accountability. Explanation of incorrect choices: A: Using a loud firm tone can escalate the situation and may trigger defensiveness in patients with oppositional defiant disorder. B: Using language beyond the patient's education level can lead to misunderstandings and hinder effective communication. D: An aggressive body language can be perceived as threatening and may worsen the patient's behavior, rather than gaining respect.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Aggressive behavior signals. In forensic settings, early recognition of aggressive behavior signals is crucial for preventing potential harm. The nurse and client would focus on identifying triggers, developing coping strategies, and establishing safety plans. This approach aligns with the proactive nature of forensic nursing to prevent escalation of violence. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because medication side effects, informed consent violations, and discharge needs are important but not directly related to early recognition of potential violence in forensic settings.