What is a particular drug of choice for Alzheimer's?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Donepezil (Aricept). Donepezil is a cholinesterase inhibitor commonly used to treat Alzheimer's by increasing levels of acetylcholine in the brain. This helps improve cognitive function and memory in patients with Alzheimer's. Risperidone (B) is an antipsychotic and not used as a primary treatment for Alzheimer's. Lithium (C) is used to treat bipolar disorder, not Alzheimer's. Alprazolam (D) is a benzodiazepine used to treat anxiety disorders, not Alzheimer's. Donepezil is the drug of choice for Alzheimer's due to its mechanism of action and proven efficacy in managing symptoms of the disease.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because repression, displacement, reaction formation, and rationalization are all examples of intermediate defenses according to psychoanalytic theory. These defenses involve unconsciously distorting reality to cope with anxiety or conflict. Repression involves pushing unacceptable thoughts or feelings into the unconscious. Displacement redirects emotions from a threatening target to a less threatening one. Reaction formation involves expressing the opposite of one's true feelings. Rationalization involves creating logical explanations to justify unacceptable behaviors. The other choices (B, C, D) include defense mechanisms that do not fall under the category of intermediate defenses based on psychoanalytic theory.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: splitting. Splitting is a defense mechanism where individuals perceive people or situations as all good or all bad, unable to integrate the positive and negative qualities. This leads to black-and-white thinking and can impact relationships. Choice A (meeting others' needs) is more aligned with altruism. Choice B (substituting impulses) refers to sublimation. Choice C (denying disturbing feelings) is characteristic of denial. In contrast, splitting involves the inability to reconcile conflicting qualities, leading to extreme perceptions.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because depression is characterized by a variety of symptoms including depressed mood, changes in sleep patterns, indecisiveness, decreased concentration, suicidal ideation, and changes in motor activity. Each of the other choices (A, B, C) only lists a subset of depression symptoms and do not encompass the full range of signs seen in individuals with depression. Therefore, only option D, "All of the above," is comprehensive and includes all the key symptoms associated with depression.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because conversion disorder presents with symptoms affecting voluntary motor or sensory functions. This is a key characteristic of conversion disorder where patients experience physical symptoms without a known medical explanation. These symptoms are not under conscious control and do not follow the typical pattern of neurological conditions. Choice B is incorrect because symptoms of conversion disorder are not linked to a specific cause but rather arise unconsciously. Choice C is incorrect as symptoms of conversion disorder cannot be easily explained by medical tests as they are psychological in nature. Choice D is incorrect because while conversion disorder is often related to psychological factors, it is not always the primary cause of the symptoms.