ATI RN
Nutrition and Fluid Balance Questions
Question 1 of 5
What is a minimally acceptable urine output for a patient weighing 75 kg?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: 37 mL/hour. For a patient weighing 75 kg, the minimally acceptable urine output is typically around 0.5 mL/kg/hour. Therefore, for a 75 kg patient, the calculation would be 75 kg x 0.5 mL = 37.5 mL/hour, which can be rounded down to 37 mL/hour. This amount ensures adequate renal perfusion and function. Incorrect choices: A: Less than 30 mL/hour - This is too low and may indicate inadequate renal function. C: 80 mL/hour - This is higher than the recommended minimum output and may lead to overdiuresis. D: 150 mL/hour - This amount is excessive and may indicate fluid overload or other issues.
Question 2 of 5
A patient with lung cancer has received oxycodone 10 mg orally for pain. When the student nurse assesses the patient, which finding would the nurse instruct the student nurse to report immediately?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Step 1: Oxycodone is an opioid analgesic that can cause respiratory depression. Step 2: Respiratory rate of 8 to 10 breaths/min is dangerously low. Step 3: A low respiratory rate can lead to hypoxia and respiratory failure. Step 4: Immediate reporting is crucial to prevent further complications. Summary: Choice B is correct because a respiratory rate of 8 to 10 breaths/min indicates severe respiratory depression, which requires urgent intervention to prevent respiratory failure. Choices A, C, and D are important findings but do not pose an immediate life-threatening risk like respiratory depression.
Question 3 of 5
Which patient would the charge nurse assign to the step-down unit nurse who was floated to the intensive care unit for the day?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because the patient with COPD and normal blood gas values, who is ventilator dependent, is the most stable among the options. This patient's condition indicates that they are likely stable and may require routine ventilator care. The other options involve more critical conditions such as narcotic overdose with respiratory alkalosis, diabetic ketoacidosis with insulin drip, and acute respiratory failure with respiratory acidosis, which would require more specialized care and frequent assessments. Assigning the float nurse to the most stable patient allows them to focus on providing safe and effective care while being in an unfamiliar environment like the ICU.
Question 4 of 5
Which of the following does NOT represent a possible output from the internal body pool?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: lungs. The internal body pool refers to the body's reservoir of nutrients and substances that can be mobilized and utilized as needed. Skeletal muscle (A), digestive tract (C), and sweat (D) all represent potential outputs from this pool as they contain various nutrients and substances that can be utilized by the body. However, the lungs (B) primarily function in the exchange of gases (oxygen and carbon dioxide) and do not serve as a significant source of nutrients or substances for the body. Therefore, the lungs do not represent a possible output from the internal body pool.
Question 5 of 5
Why is it not accurate to refer to body fluids as "body water"?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because body fluids encompass more than just water, including substances like sweat. Sweat is an example of body fluid that is not solely composed of water but also contains electrolytes and other solutes. This distinction is important because body fluids are not limited to pure water but consist of various components that serve different functions in the body. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because they do not accurately reflect the comprehensive nature of body fluids. Choice A focuses on internal body cavities, which are still considered part of the body, while choice C incorrectly states that body fluid is lipid-based, and choice D oversimplifies body fluids as just water and solutes.