ATI RN
Cardiovascular System Exam Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
What is a condition where the blood flow to the brain is temporarily blocked, often referred to as a mini-stroke?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Transient ischemic attack (TIA). A TIA is a temporary blockage of blood flow to the brain, causing stroke-like symptoms that typically resolve within 24 hours. This is distinct from a full-blown stroke (choice B) which results in permanent damage. Aneurysm (choice C) is a bulge in a blood vessel, not a blockage. Myocardial infarction (choice D) is a heart attack, not related to brain blood flow. In summary, TIA best fits the description of a temporary blockage of blood flow to the brain, making it the correct choice.
Question 2 of 5
What is a condition where blood clots form in the deep veins, usually in the legs, and can travel to the lungs, causing serious complications?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Deep vein thrombosis (DVT). DVT is a condition where blood clots form in the deep veins, typically in the legs. These clots can dislodge and travel to the lungs, leading to a pulmonary embolism. Choice B, pulmonary embolism, is a complication of DVT, not the initial condition. Varicose veins (C) are enlarged, twisted veins usually visible on the skin surface, not deep veins. Peripheral artery disease (D) involves narrowed arteries, not blood clots in veins.
Question 3 of 5
What type of medication is used to relax the muscles around the airways and improve breathing in conditions like asthma and COPD?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Bronchodilator. Bronchodilators are used to relax the muscles around the airways, allowing them to open up and improve breathing in conditions like asthma and COPD. They work by widening the airways, making it easier to breathe. Corticosteroids (B) reduce inflammation, mucolytics (C) help loosen mucus, and antihistamines (D) are used for allergies and not specifically for relaxing muscles in the airways. Therefore, A is the correct choice for this question.
Question 4 of 5
What is a surgical procedure to remove one of the lobes of the lungs, often performed to treat lung cancer?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Lobectomy. A lobectomy involves the surgical removal of one of the lobes of the lungs, often performed to treat lung cancer localized in a specific lobe. This procedure allows for targeted removal of cancerous tissue while preserving the remaining healthy lung tissue. Explanation for other choices: B: Pneumonectomy - This involves the complete removal of an entire lung and is not specific to removing a lobe. C: Thoracotomy - This is a surgical incision into the chest, not specific to removing a lobe of the lung. D: Tracheostomy - This is a surgical procedure to create an opening in the neck to insert a tube into the trachea for breathing and is not related to removing a lobe of the lung.
Question 5 of 5
Which type of lung cancer is strongly associated with exposure to asbestos?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Mesothelioma. Mesothelioma is a type of cancer that affects the lining of the lungs, abdomen, or heart, and is primarily caused by exposure to asbestos fibers. Asbestos exposure is a well-established risk factor for developing mesothelioma. Adenocarcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, and small cell lung cancer are not typically associated with asbestos exposure. This association is key in determining the correct answer.