ATI RN
ATI Practice Exam Pharmacology The Endocrine System Questions
Question 1 of 9
What is a common side e昀昀ect of Albuterol?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A common side effect of Albuterol, a bronchodilator medication used to treat asthma and other respiratory conditions, is paradoxical bronchospasm. This paradoxical reaction leads to an unexpected constriction of the airways instead of the expected relaxation. It can result in increased breathing difficulties and chest tightness, requiring immediate medical attention. Other possible side effects of Albuterol include tremors, palpitations, headache, and nervousness, but paradoxical bronchospasm is notable due to its potential severity and the need for prompt intervention.
Question 2 of 9
A patient is concerned about the adverse effects of the fibric acid derivative she is taking to lower her cholesterol level. Which is an adverse effect of this class of medication?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Fibric acid derivatives, also known as fibrates, are a class of medications commonly used to lower cholesterol levels. One of the potential adverse effects of fibric acid derivatives is joint pain. Patients taking these medications may experience muscle and joint pain, also known as myalgia and arthralgia. It is important for patients to report any new or worsening joint pain while taking fibric acid derivatives to their healthcare provider for further evaluation and management.
Question 3 of 9
The following drugs undergo significant enterohepatic circulation:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Oestrogens undergo enterohepatic circulation as they are conjugated in the liver, excreted in bile, and reabsorbed in the intestine, prolonging their action.
Question 4 of 9
Which over-the-counter (OTC) antihistamine combination contains an analgesic property?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Actifed Plus combines acetaminophen (an analgesic) with antihistamine and decongestant, relieving pain alongside allergy symptoms. Sudafed PE and Triaminic contain chlorpheniramine and phenylephrine, no analgesics. Tavist has clemastine alone. Choice D's analgesic property distinguishes it, relevant for nurses advising on OTC options.
Question 5 of 9
Which of the following drugs is most useful for the treatment of absence seizures?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Lamotrigine, a broad-spectrum antiepileptic, treats absence seizures by stabilizing sodium channels and inhibiting glutamate release, though less specific than ethosuximide. Topiramate and levetiracetam manage multiple seizure types but aren't first-line for absence. Tiagabine, a GABA reuptake inhibitor, may worsen absence seizures. Zonisamide has broad efficacy but less absence focus. While ethosuximide is gold standard, lamotrigine's utility in absence, especially in mixed epilepsies, and clinical evidence make it the most useful here among options.
Question 6 of 9
The client takes diphenhydramine (Benadryl) but forgets to tell the physician about this drug when a monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI) drug is prescribed for depression. What will the best assessment by the nurse reveal?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Diphenhydramine with MAOIs risks hypertensive crisis due to norepinephrine excess, a life-threatening interaction. Depression , seizures , and allergy control are secondary. D prioritizes urgent assessment, making it the best focus.
Question 7 of 9
The nurse has taught the client with osteoporosis about how to manage the illness. Which statement by the client indicates that additional teaching is necessary?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Calcium at bedtime risks poor absorption-meals optimize it, per pharmacokinetics-needing correction. Alcohol avoidance, walking (weight-bearing), and milk (calcium) aid osteoporosis. Bedtime timing misstep shows gaps, per education.
Question 8 of 9
The patient tells the nurse that she is interested in the human brain and questions which parts of the brain control anxiety and insomnia. What is the best reply by the nurse?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The limbic system (e.g., amygdala) drives anxiety-emotional response-while the reticular activating system (RAS) regulates sleep-wake, impacting insomnia, per neuroanatomy. Frontal lobes plan, not directly control these. Thalamus relays, not initiates. Hypothalamus affects sleep but less anxiety. Limbic-RAS pairing fits, answering precisely.
Question 9 of 9
Which of the following is least likely to have an adverse drug interaction with phenelzine (a monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitor)?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Phenelzine, an MAOI, risks hypertensive crisis or serotonin syndrome with drugs increasing monoamines. Levodopa raises catecholamines, risking hypertension with MAOIs. Ropinirole, a dopamine agonist, may enhance monoamine effects, potentially hazardous. Tolcapone, a COMT inhibitor, increases levodopa levels, amplifying MAOI risks. Pseudoephedrine, a sympathomimetic, causes severe hypertension. Propofol, an anesthetic, acts via GABA without monoamine interaction, making it least likely to cause adverse effects with phenelzine. Its safety profile here is key for procedural use in MAOI patients.