ATI RN
Immune System Medication Questions
Question 1 of 5
What interleukin receptor antagonist would the nurse anticipate is most likely to be ordered for a patient, 25 years old, who has not responded to traditional antirheumatic drugs?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Anakinra (Kineret). Anakinra is an interleukin-1 receptor antagonist, which is used to treat patients with rheumatoid arthritis who have not responded to traditional antirheumatic drugs. Interleukin-1 is a key cytokine involved in the inflammatory response seen in rheumatoid arthritis. By blocking the action of interleukin-1, Anakinra helps reduce inflammation and joint damage in these patients. A: Natalizumab (Tysabri) is a monoclonal antibody used to treat multiple sclerosis by preventing immune cells from crossing the blood-brain barrier. C: Eculizumab (Soliris) is a monoclonal antibody used to treat rare blood disorders by blocking a specific part of the immune system. D: Adalimumab (Humira) is a tumor necrosis factor (TNF) inhibitor used to treat various autoimmune diseases like rheumatoid arthritis, ps
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is writing a plan of care for a patient receiving immune suppressants for leukemia. What would be an appropriate nursing diagnosis for this patient?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Acute pain related to central nervous system (CNS), gastrointestinal (GI), and flu-like effects. This nursing diagnosis is appropriate for a patient receiving immune suppressants for leukemia as these medications can cause adverse effects such as CNS, GI, and flu-like symptoms leading to acute pain. The nurse should assess the patient for these symptoms and provide interventions to manage pain effectively. Incorrect Choices: A: Anxiety related to diagnosis and drug therapy - While anxiety can be common in patients with leukemia and receiving immune suppressants, acute pain is a more specific and immediate concern that should be addressed first. C: Risk for infection related to immune stimulation - This is not the most immediate concern for a patient receiving immune suppressants, as the main focus should be on managing side effects such as pain. D: Imbalanced nutrition: More than body requirements - This nursing diagnosis is not directly related to the side effects of immune suppressants and would not be the priority for this patient.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is caring for a patient who has a diagnosis of chronic hepatitis B infection and has been prescribed an immune stimulant. After teaching the patient about the treatment plan, how might the nurse evaluate the effectiveness of teaching?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because the patient being able to state specific measures to avoid adverse effects demonstrates a comprehensive understanding of the treatment plan. This indicates that the patient not only understands the benefits of the medication but also the potential risks associated with it. This knowledge is crucial in ensuring the patient's safety and well-being throughout the treatment. A, B, and C are incorrect because knowing where to get the medication, who will administer it, and what positive effects to watch for are important aspects of medication management but do not directly assess the patient's understanding of potential adverse effects and safety measures. The focus should be on ensuring that the patient is well-informed about how to prevent and manage any negative outcomes related to the treatment.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse, working with a nursing student, is caring for a patient who is to receive interleukins. The student nurse asks you what happens physiologically when a patient receives interleukins. What is the nurse's best response?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: The patient has increases in the number of natural killer cells. Interleukins are a type of cytokine that regulate immune responses, including stimulating the proliferation and activation of natural killer cells. Natural killer cells are important in the body's defense against viruses and cancer. Increased levels of natural killer cells help enhance the immune response. Choice A is too vague and does not provide specific information about the physiological effects of interleukins. Choice C is incorrect because interleukins actually increase cytokine activity. Choice D is incorrect as interleukin therapy can indeed cause flu-like symptoms as a side effect, but it does not lead to the patient getting better directly.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse teaches the female patient receiving immune modulating drugs about the need to use barrier contraceptives. The patient says, I hate using barrier contraceptives. Why can't I just take oral contraceptives? What is the nurse's best response?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Effects of oral contraceptives may be altered by liver changes or changes in immune response. Rationale: 1. Immune modulating drugs can affect liver function, potentially altering the metabolism of oral contraceptives. 2. Liver changes can impact the effectiveness of oral contraceptives by either increasing or decreasing their levels in the body. 3. Changes in immune response can also interfere with the hormonal balance maintained by oral contraceptives, leading to decreased efficacy. 4. Barrier contraceptives are recommended to prevent unintended pregnancies due to the potential interactions between immune modulating drugs and oral contraceptives. Summary of other choices: B: Incorrect. Oral contraceptives do not increase the action of immune modulating drugs; they may interact with them due to changes in metabolism. C: Incorrect. Immune modulators can affect oral contraceptives through liver metabolism rather than hormonal impact. D: Incorrect. High-estrogen pills are not the only option if barrier contrace