ATI RN
Immune System Medication Questions
Question 1 of 5
What interleukin receptor antagonist would the nurse anticipate is most likely to be ordered for a patient, 25 years old, who has not responded to traditional antirheumatic drugs?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Anakinra (Kineret). Anakinra is an interleukin-1 receptor antagonist commonly used for patients with rheumatoid arthritis who have not responded to traditional antirheumatic drugs. It specifically targets interleukin-1, which plays a key role in the inflammatory response seen in rheumatoid arthritis. Natalizumab (A) is used for multiple sclerosis, Eculizumab (C) for paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria, and Adalimumab (D) for rheumatoid arthritis but targets tumor necrosis factor-alpha, not interleukin-1.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is writing a plan of care for a patient receiving immune suppressants for leukemia. What would be an appropriate nursing diagnosis for this patient?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Acute pain related to central nervous system (CNS), gastrointestinal (GI), and flu-like effects. This is the most appropriate nursing diagnosis because immune suppressants commonly cause side effects like pain in the CNS, GI disturbances, and flu-like symptoms. The priority is to address the patient's immediate discomfort and provide appropriate pain management. Choice A (Anxiety related to diagnosis and drug therapy) may be a valid concern for the patient, but addressing acute pain is more urgent in this case. Choice C (Risk for infection related to immune stimulation) is incorrect because immune suppressants actually increase the risk of infection due to decreased immune response. Choice D (Imbalanced nutrition: More than body requirements) is not the most relevant nursing diagnosis for a patient receiving immune suppressants. Pain management takes precedence over addressing nutrition concerns.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is caring for a patient who has a diagnosis of chronic hepatitis B infection and has been prescribed an immune stimulant. After teaching the patient about the treatment plan, how might the nurse evaluate the effectiveness of teaching?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because evaluating the patient's understanding of specific measures to avoid adverse effects is crucial when administering an immune stimulant for chronic hepatitis B. This knowledge ensures the patient's safety and helps prevent potential harm. Choices A and B focus on logistical aspects of medication administration, which are important but not as critical for evaluating teaching effectiveness in this situation. Choice C is also relevant, but monitoring positive effects alone does not provide a comprehensive evaluation of the patient's understanding. Therefore, choice D is the most appropriate option for assessing the patient's comprehension and ability to prevent adverse effects.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse, working with a nursing student, is caring for a patient who is to receive interleukins. The student nurse asks you what happens physiologically when a patient receives interleukins. What is the nurse's best response?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: The patient has increases in the number of natural killer cells. Interleukins are a type of cytokine that play a key role in the immune response, including stimulating the production and activity of natural killer cells. Natural killer cells are important in fighting infections and cancer. Therefore, when a patient receives interleukins, it leads to an increase in the number of natural killer cells, enhancing the immune response. Choice A is too vague and does not provide specific information about the physiological effects of interleukins. Choice C is incorrect as interleukins actually increase cytokine activity. Choice D is incorrect as flu-like symptoms are a common side effect of interleukin therapy, but it is not the primary physiological effect of interleukins on the immune system.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse teaches the female patient receiving immune modulating drugs about the need to use barrier contraceptives. The patient says, I hate using barrier contraceptives. Why can't I just take oral contraceptives? What is the nurse's best response?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because immune modulating drugs can affect liver enzymes, potentially altering the metabolism of oral contraceptives. This can lead to decreased effectiveness or increased side effects of oral contraceptives. Choice B is incorrect because oral contraceptives do not increase the action of immune modulating drugs, so dosage adjustments are not necessary. Choice C is incorrect because immune modulators do not directly make oral contraceptives ineffective due to hormonal impacts. Choice D is incorrect because high-estrogen pills are not the only option if barrier contraceptives are not preferred; rather, a different form of contraception should be discussed based on individual needs.