ATI RN
Free Medical Surgical Certification Practice Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
What instruction should be included when teaching a client with asthma about using a metered-dose inhaler (MDI)?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Rationale for Correct Answer A: 1. Shaking the inhaler well before use helps ensure proper mixing of the medication. 2. This action helps to distribute the medication evenly for effective delivery. 3. It prevents clogging and ensures the client receives the correct dose. 4. Shake-and-use approach is essential for optimal therapeutic benefits. Summary of Incorrect Choices: B: Inhaling rapidly may lead to improper medication delivery and increase the risk of side effects. C: Administering medication while lying down may not allow the client to inhale the medication effectively. D: Holding the inhaler too far away can result in decreased medication intake and reduced efficacy.
Question 2 of 5
A client with emphysema is being assessed by a nurse. Which clinical manifestation should the nurse expect?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Pursed-lip breathing. In emphysema, air becomes trapped in the lungs due to damaged air sacs, making it difficult to exhale. Pursed-lip breathing helps to prolong exhalation, preventing air trapping. Decreased chest expansion (A) is more indicative of conditions like pleural effusion. Cyanosis (B) is a sign of inadequate oxygenation, which is not a primary manifestation of emphysema. Bradypnea (D) refers to slow breathing rate, which is not typically associated with emphysema. Pursed-lip breathing is a characteristic and effective coping mechanism seen in clients with emphysema.
Question 3 of 5
A healthcare professional assesses a client who is experiencing an acute asthma attack. Which assessment finding requires immediate intervention?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Silent chest. This finding indicates severe airway obstruction and impending respiratory failure, requiring immediate intervention to prevent respiratory arrest. Silent chest means minimal or absent breath sounds, suggesting no air movement, which is a critical emergency situation. Wheezing (A), increased respiratory rate (B), and use of accessory muscles (C) are common in asthma attacks but do not indicate as severe a condition as a silent chest. Monitoring and addressing a silent chest promptly is crucial in managing acute asthma exacerbations.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse teaches a client with tuberculosis (TB) who is being discharged. Which statement by the client indicates a need for further teaching?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because a client with TB should not return to work immediately due to the risk of spreading the infection. Taking medication as prescribed (A), having regular follow-up chest x-rays (B), and using tissues to cover the mouth when coughing (D) are all important aspects of managing TB and preventing its spread. Returning to work immediately can put coworkers at risk of contracting TB. Therefore, the client should understand the importance of taking precautions and following healthcare provider recommendations to ensure proper treatment and prevent transmission of the disease.
Question 5 of 5
A client who had coronary artery bypass grafting yesterday needs care. What actions can the nurse delegate to the unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP)? (SATA)
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because ensuring the client wears TED hose or sequential compression devices is within the scope of practice for UAP. This task does not require critical thinking or assessment skills, making it suitable for delegation. Administering antibiotics (A) and encouraging spirometer use (B) require clinical judgment and assessment skills, which UAP do not possess. Having the client rate pain and report to the nurse (D) involves subjective assessment and potential interventions, making it inappropriate for delegation to UAP.