What information will the nurse include when teaching the patients about taking beta2-blocking drugs for the treatment of angina?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: When teaching patients about taking beta2-blocking drugs for the treatment of angina, it is important to include information about monitoring for signs of heart failure. Weight gain can be an early sign of fluid retention, which can indicate heart failure. Instructing patients to alert their healthcare provider if they experience a weight gain of 2 lb or more in 24 hours or 5 lb or more in 1 week can help in early detection and management of potential heart failure. This is crucial for the safety and well-being of the patient.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: When a patient begins to experience chest pain, especially during physical activity like mowing the lawn on a hot day, the first action should be to stop the activity immediately and sit or lie down. This is because chest pain could be a sign of a serious issue like a heart attack. By stopping the physical activity and resting, the patient can help reduce the workload on the heart and potentially prevent further strain or damage. It is important to take chest pain seriously and seek medical attention promptly.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Digitalis has a negative chronotropic effect, meaning it slows down the heart rate. This can be evident in a patient by observing a decrease in their heart rate. Chronotropy refers to the heart rate or rhythm of the heart. Digitalis works by inhibiting the sodium-potassium pump in the heart muscle cells, leading to an increase in intracellular calcium levels. This results in a decreased heart rate and improved contractility of the heart muscle. Therefore, a decreased heart rate is the expected effect when a patient is receiving intravenous digitalis.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Metformin is a medication commonly used to treat type 2 diabetes by helping to control high blood sugar levels. It works by decreasing the amount of sugar produced by the liver and increasing the body's response to insulin. By aiding in controlling blood glucose levels, metformin helps prevent complications of diabetes such as kidney damage, blindness, nerve problems, and loss of limbs. It does not lower blood pressure, diminish seizure activity, increase heart rate, or decrease gastrointestinal secretions.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Insulin glargine is typically administered subcutaneously. Subcutaneous injection allows for slow and continuous absorption of the medication, providing a sustained release of insulin to help regulate blood sugar levels. This route of administration is commonly used for long-acting insulins like insulin glargine to provide basal insulin coverage throughout the day. Sublingual, oral, IV, and other routes are not appropriate for administering insulin glargine.