ATI RN
Gastrointestinal Assessment Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
What information should be included in the dietary teaching for the patient following a Roux-en-Y gastric bypass?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Avoid sugary foods and limit fluids to prevent dumping syndrome. After a Roux-en-Y gastric bypass, the patient's stomach size is reduced, making it important to avoid sugary foods that can cause rapid spikes in blood sugar and lead to dumping syndrome. Dumping syndrome occurs when food moves too quickly from the stomach to the small intestine, causing symptoms like nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and weakness. Limiting fluids can also help prevent this by slowing down digestion. Choices B and C are incorrect as increasing food intake rapidly or maintaining a liquid diet long-term can be harmful post-surgery. Choice D is incorrect because consuming foods high in complex carbohydrates, protein, and fiber can be difficult for the patient to digest due to the altered anatomy.
Question 2 of 5
Priority Decision: A postoperative patient has a nursing diagnosis of pain related to effects of medication and decreased GI motility as evidenced by abdominal pain and distention and inability to pass flatus. Which nursing intervention is most appropriate for this patient?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Rationale for Correct Answer (A): Ambulating the patient more frequently helps to stimulate GI motility, reduce abdominal distention, and promote passage of flatus. Movement aids in peristalsis, which can alleviate postoperative GI issues. Summary of Incorrect Choices: B: Assessing bowel sounds is important but does not directly address the issue of stimulating GI motility or addressing the patient's pain and distention. C: Placing the patient in a high Fowler's position may improve respiratory function but does not specifically target GI motility or pain relief. D: Withholding opioids may be necessary in some cases, but pain management is crucial for postoperative care. There are other ways to address decreased GI motility without completely withholding pain medications.
Question 3 of 5
A male patient who has undergone an anterior-posterior repair is worried about his sexuality. What is an appropriate nursing intervention for this patient?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Rationale: 1. Choice C is correct because it acknowledges the patient's concerns about sexuality post-surgery. 2. Reminding the patient that affection can be expressed in non-sexual ways validates his feelings. 3. It promotes open communication and offers alternative ways to maintain intimacy during the healing process. Summary of Incorrect Choices: A. Involving the sexual partner may add pressure and may not address the patient's personal insecurities. B. Promising a return to normal sexual function may create false expectations and overlook emotional aspects. D. Focusing on physical and emotional factors may downplay the patient's specific concerns about his sexuality.
Question 4 of 5
What test will be done before prescribing treatment for the patient with positive testing for HCV?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: HCV genotyping. Before prescribing treatment for a patient with positive HCV testing, genotyping is essential to determine the specific strain of HCV present. This information guides treatment decisions as different HCV genotypes respond differently to antiviral medications. Anti-HCV (choice A) is used for initial screening but does not provide genotype information. HCV RNA quantitation (choice B) measures viral load but does not identify the genotype. Recombinant immunoblot assay (RIBA) (choice D) is an older confirmatory test and is not typically used for initial treatment decision-making.
Question 5 of 5
A patient with cirrhosis that is refractory to other treatments for esophageal varices undergoes a portacaval shunt. As a result of this procedure, what should the nurse expect the patient to experience?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Improved hemodynamic function and renal perfusion. A portacaval shunt is a surgical procedure that diverts blood flow from the portal vein directly into the vena cava, reducing portal hypertension. This leads to improved hemodynamic function by decreasing pressure in the portal system, which can improve renal perfusion. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because a portacaval shunt may not necessarily improve survival rate, decrease serum ammonia levels, or improve metabolism of nutrients.