ATI RN
Nursing a Concept Based Approach to Learning Test Bank Free Questions
Question 1 of 5
What increases after an embolus has become trapped in the pulmonary microvasculature?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: After an embolus becomes trapped in the pulmonary microvasculature, dead space increases. Dead space refers to the portion of the lung that is ventilated but not perfused, resulting in reduced gas exchange. When a pulmonary embolus blocks blood flow within a pulmonary vessel, it leads to a mismatch between ventilation and perfusion in the affected lung region. This mismatch results in increased dead space, as ventilation continues in areas that are not effectively perfused. As dead space increases, the overall efficiency of gas exchange in the lung is impaired, potentially leading to hypoxemia.
Question 2 of 5
A patient comes into the emergency department with manifestations of appendicitis. What is the highest priority when caring for this patient?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The highest priority when caring for a patient with manifestations of appendicitis is to provide pain relief. By inserting a saline lock for intravenous pain medication, the patient can receive immediate pain relief to alleviate their discomfort. Pain management is crucial in appendicitis as it can help in improving the patient's overall well-being and reduce the risk of complications. While other options such as withholding food and fluids, performing preoperative skin preparation, or teaching postoperative exercises are important aspects of care, addressing the patient's pain is the top priority to ensure their comfort and well-being.
Question 3 of 5
A perimenopausal patient is experiencing frequency, urgency, nocturia, dysuria, and cloudy, rust- colored urine for the third time in the past 2 years. What should the nurse include when teaching this patient? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In this scenario, the correct option is B) Recommendations for perineal cleansing. Perimenopausal women are at an increased risk for urinary tract infections (UTIs) due to hormonal changes affecting the genitourinary tract. Teaching the patient about proper perineal hygiene, including front-to-back wiping after using the restroom, can help prevent the introduction of bacteria into the urinary tract, reducing the risk of UTIs. Option A) Pre-procedure instruction for an IVP is incorrect as it is not relevant to the patient's current symptoms of a possible UTI. Option C) Recommendations for screening cystoscopy is unnecessary at this point as the patient's symptoms are indicative of a UTI rather than a need for further invasive diagnostic procedures. Option D) Potential benefits of estrogen vaginal cream is not appropriate as the patient's symptoms are more indicative of a UTI rather than a hormonal issue. Option E) Return to the office in 10 days for a follow-up culture is premature without addressing the immediate need for perineal hygiene education to prevent recurrent UTIs. Educationally, this rationale highlights the importance of teaching patients about preventive measures to reduce the risk of UTIs, especially in perimenopausal women who may be more susceptible to these infections due to hormonal changes. It emphasizes the role of patient education in promoting self-care and preventing recurrent UTIs.
Question 4 of 5
During an assessment, the nurse asks the patient to move an extremity away from the body midline. What movement is the nurse assessing?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: When the nurse asks the patient to move an extremity away from the body midline, they are assessing the movement of abduction. Abduction refers to the movement of a body part away from the midline of the body. In this case, moving the extremity away from the body midline represents abduction, as the limb is being moved outward or away from the center of the body. Flexion and extension involve bending and straightening movements, respectively, along a joint axis, while adduction involves moving a body part towards the midline of the body.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is preparing teaching for a patient with mild osteoarthritis of the knees. Which medication treatments should the nurse include in these instructions? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In educating a patient with mild osteoarthritis of the knees, it is essential to provide accurate information regarding appropriate medication treatments. Selecting NSAIDs (Option B) as the correct answer is crucial due to their effectiveness in managing pain and inflammation associated with osteoarthritis. NSAIDs are commonly used as first-line pharmacological treatment for osteoarthritis due to their analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties. Opioids (Option A) are generally not recommended for mild osteoarthritis due to their potential for addiction and adverse effects. Hormones (Option C) and antibiotics (Option D) are not standard treatments for osteoarthritis and would not be appropriate in this case. Hyaluronic acid (Option E) is sometimes used for knee osteoarthritis, but evidence supporting its efficacy is mixed, and it is not as commonly recommended as NSAIDs. From an educational perspective, it is important for nurses to understand the rationale behind medication choices for specific conditions to provide accurate and evidence-based information to patients. By explaining the benefits and risks of different medication options, nurses can empower patients to make informed decisions about their healthcare and improve their overall management of osteoarthritis.