Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Mary Seacole's efforts to care for soldiers during the Crimean War. Mary Seacole was a Jamaican nurse who provided medical care to soldiers during the Crimean War. Her contributions highlighted the important role that black individuals played in nursing. This event marked the first significant recognition of the contributions of blacks to the nursing profession. Explanation of why other choices are incorrect: A: Florence Nightingale's acceptance of black nurses into the first nursing school - While Florence Nightingale is known as a pioneer of modern nursing, her acceptance of black nurses into nursing schools did not specifically lead to the recognition of the contribution of blacks to nursing. B: The contributions of black nurses at the Pennsylvania Hospital, the first hospital in America - While black nurses may have made contributions at Pennsylvania Hospital, this event did not lead to the initial recognition of the contribution of blacks to nursing. D: The work done by wives of wealthy black nobles who carried food and medicine from

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: compassion fatigue. Compassion fatigue refers to the emotional and physical exhaustion that healthcare providers may experience from caring for patients in distressing situations over a prolonged period. In this scenario, the nurse's lack of empathy despite the patient's heart-wrenching story indicates emotional exhaustion and desensitization, which are common symptoms of compassion fatigue. This nurse has likely become overwhelmed by the emotional toll of consistently supporting patients facing difficult circumstances, leading to a diminished capacity for empathy. Incorrect choices: A: Burnout is a state of emotional, physical, and mental exhaustion caused by excessive and prolonged stress. While the nurse may be experiencing emotional exhaustion, the specific lack of empathy in response to the patient's situation aligns more closely with compassion fatigue. C: Reality shock typically refers to the discrepancy between the expectations of a new role and the actual experiences encountered. This term does not accurately describe the nurse's emotional response to the patient's situation. D: Horizontal hostility refers to negative

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: preconceived idea. This is because the LPN's statement reflects a preconceived notion or bias about the RN based on their education level and salary. The LPN is assuming the RN will act a certain way without any evidence or experience with the RN's behavior. It is important to recognize and challenge our preconceived ideas to avoid unfair judgments. Incorrect answers: A: interpretation - This refers to understanding the meaning of something based on analysis or judgment, which is not present in the scenario. B: context - This refers to the circumstances or setting in which something occurs, but it does not apply to the LPN's biased statement. C: precipitating event - This refers to an event that triggers a particular situation, which is not evident in the scenario.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Increasing staffing ratios to include more nurses of all levels of educational preparation on all shifts. Aiken's survey emphasized the importance of adequate nurse staffing in improving patient outcomes and reducing mortality rates. By increasing staffing ratios with nurses of all educational levels, the hospital can ensure better patient care, effective coordination, and timely interventions. This approach addresses the key factors highlighted in Aiken's survey - nurse staffing and education. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because they do not directly address the issue of nurse staffing, which was the primary focus of Aiken's survey. Employing bachelor's prepared nurses participating in interprofessional rounds (B) may improve communication but does not solely address the staffing concerns. Ensuring nurse managers have a master's degree (C) may improve leadership but does not directly impact frontline staffing. Encouraging unlicensed assistive personnel to attend educational programs (D) may enhance skills but does not address the need for more nurses in the staffing ratios

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: nurse practitioner. Nurse practitioners are advanced practice nurses who provide comprehensive healthcare services, including diagnosing and managing common acute and chronic illnesses. They require additional education and certification beyond basic nursing. Nurse executives focus on leadership and management roles in healthcare organizations, not direct patient care. Certified nurse-midwives specialize in providing prenatal, postpartum, and gynecological care to women. Certified registered nurse anesthetists specialize in administering anesthesia but do not provide the same scope of primary care as nurse practitioners.