What goal-setting technique explained why a larger proportion of one group of university staff members attended a health and safety training session, compared to the lower attendance seen in a second group of staff members?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: They were given a more specific goal. This goal-setting technique, known as SMART goals, emphasizes the importance of setting specific, measurable, achievable, relevant, and time-bound objectives. By providing a clear and specific goal for attending the health and safety training session, the first group of staff members had a clearer understanding of what was expected of them, leading to higher attendance rates. The other choices (A, C, D) are not as directly related to the specific goal-setting technique that contributed to the higher attendance in the first group.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because building a safety culture and safety leadership is essential for ensuring employees utilize their training effectively and perform their duties safely. By fostering a culture that values safety, employees are more likely to internalize safety practices and make them a priority in their work. Safety leadership sets the tone from the top, influencing employee behavior and attitudes towards safety. Choice A (surveillance cameras) focuses on monitoring rather than proactive prevention. Choice B (rewards for reporting unsafe behavior) may encourage reporting but does not address overall safety performance. Choice D (rewarding reductions in incidents) is reactive and does not emphasize the importance of ongoing safety practices and culture.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: behavioural interventions. Techniques like job rotation and scheduling work breaks are part of behavioral interventions aimed at modifying employees' behaviors to improve safety and productivity. Job rotation reduces monotony and fatigue, while work breaks help prevent errors due to fatigue. Safety behavior (choice A) focuses on individual actions to prevent accidents. Administrative controls (choice B) involve policies and procedures to minimize risks. Engineering controls (choice C) refer to physical modifications to the work environment. Therefore, D is the correct choice as it specifically pertains to techniques that target behavioral changes.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because safety incentives should be available to all employees, not just production workers. This promotes a culture of safety across the entire organization, reducing accidents and injuries. Excluding office workers (choice C) would create a divide in safety awareness. Choices A and B are too restrictive and may discourage reporting of minor safety issues, which could lead to more serious incidents. In summary, choice D is the most inclusive and effective approach to promoting workplace safety.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: set safety objectives and targets. In the planning stage of an OHSMS, management should set safety objectives and targets to establish clear goals for the worker training in the subsequent stage. This helps in defining what needs to be achieved in terms of safety performance. Setting safety objectives and targets also provides direction for the training program and ensures that it is aligned with the overall safety goals of the organization. Summary: B: identifying hazards and risks is important but typically done in the risk assessment stage, not in the planning stage. C: clarifying legal requirements is essential but is more related to compliance and not directly linked to preparing for worker training. D: developing a termination policy for unsafe acts is an important aspect of safety management, but it is not directly related to preparing for worker training in the planning stage.