ATI RN
Multiple Choice Questions Endocrine System Questions
Question 1 of 5
What gland requires iodine in order to produce its hormones?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Thyroid gland uses iodine to synthesize T3/T4 from thyroglobulin metabolic hormones. Adrenal cortex (cortisol) uses cholesterol, no iodine. Pancreas (insulin) needs amino acids. Parathyroids (PTH) regulate calcium, no iodine. Iodine's thyroid necessity distinguishes it, critical for hormone synthesis, unlike steroid, peptide, or calcium glands.
Question 2 of 5
Cortisol is produced by the:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Cortisol, a glucocorticoid, is produced by adrenal cortex's zona fasciculata stress/metabolism regulation. Medulla makes epinephrine, not steroids. Anterior pituitary releases ACTH, stimulating cortisol, not producing. Pancreas secretes insulin/glucagon glucose focus. Cortex's steroid synthesis distinguishes it, critical for cortisol's role, unlike neural, regulatory, or metabolic glands.
Question 3 of 5
Which of the following symptoms of diabetes mellitus is correctly matched to its description?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Glycosuria means excessive sugar in urine glucose spills over renal threshold in diabetes mellitus, correct match. Polyuria is excessive urine (not thirst polydipsia). Polyphagia is excessive hunger (not ketones ketonuria). Polydipsia is thirst (not urine). Glycosuria's sugar-urine link distinguishes it, key to hyperglycemia's renal effect, unlike mismatched symptoms.
Question 4 of 5
Most hormones travel from the gland where they were produced to the tissues and cells which they act upon:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Hormones travel in the bloodstream from endocrine glands (e.g., thyroid) to target tissues (e.g., muscles), enabling systemic effects like metabolism regulation (T3/T4). Nerve fibres and synapses are neural neurotransmitters act locally, not hormonally. Ducts are exocrine (e.g., pancreas digestion), not endocrine hormones are ductless. Diffusion suits paracrine signaling, not distant endocrine targets. Bloodstream transport distinguishes endocrine reach, critical for widespread chemical signaling, unlike neural, exocrine, or local mechanisms.
Question 5 of 5
Which of the following cell types is NOT found in the pancreas?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Kappa cells' aren't pancreatic likely a misnomer; pancreas has acinar (exocrine, digestive juices), alpha (glucagon), beta (insulin), and delta (somatostatin) cells. Acinar produce enzymes, alpha raise glucose, beta lower it, delta regulate. No 'kappa' exists other types (e.g., PP cells) are minor, not listed. Absence of kappa distinguishes it, key to pancreatic cell identity, unlike real endocrine/exocrine types.