ATI RN
ATI Neurological System Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
What gland produces a secretion that causes fight-or-flight responses in effectors?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: adrenal medulla. The adrenal medulla is part of the adrenal gland and secretes adrenaline and noradrenaline in response to stress, leading to fight-or-flight responses. The salivary gland produces saliva, the reproductive gland produces sex hormones, and the thymus produces T-cells for the immune system, none of which are related to fight-or-flight responses.
Question 2 of 5
Which of the following is the causative agent of East African trypanosomiasis?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Trypanosoma brucei rhodanese. East African trypanosomiasis is caused by Trypanosoma brucei, specifically the subspecies Trypanosoma brucei rhodanese. This parasite is transmitted by tsetse flies and infects humans, causing sleeping sickness. Trypanosoma cruzi (Choice A) causes Chagas disease, not East African trypanosomiasis. Trypanosoma vivax (Choice B) causes a different form of animal trypanosomiasis. Trypanosoma brucei gambiense (Choice D) is responsible for West African trypanosomiasis, not the East African form. Therefore, the correct choice is C.
Question 3 of 5
A patient has a severed spinal nerve as a result of trauma. Which statement is true in this situation?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Rationale for Correct Answer (C): When a spinal nerve is severed, adjacent spinal nerves can compensate and continue to carry sensations for the dermatome served by the severed nerve. This is possible due to the concept of dermatomes overlapping and the redundancy in sensory innervation. Therefore, the patient may still experience sensation in the affected area despite the specific nerve being severed. Summary of Incorrect Choices: A: Incorrect. Even if there are 31 pairs of spinal nerves, severing one nerve can still have a significant impact on sensory and motor functions depending on the location and severity of the injury. B: Incorrect. Sensory loss would occur in the dermatome served by the severed nerve, but adjacent nerves can still carry sensations. D: Incorrect. Spinal nerves have both sensory and motor components, so severing a spinal nerve can affect both sensory and motor functions, not just motor function.
Question 4 of 5
A patient with blindness related to a functional neurological (conversion) disorder says, All the doctors and nurses in this hospital stop by often to check on me. Too bad people outside the hospital don't find me interesting. Which nursing diagnosis is most relevant?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Chronic low self-esteem. The patient's statement reflects a negative self-perception and feelings of inadequacy, indicating low self-esteem. Social isolation (A) would imply a lack of social interactions, which is not indicated in the scenario. Interrupted family processes (C) would involve disruptions in family relationships, which are not mentioned. Ineffective health maintenance (D) pertains to the inability to manage health conditions, which is not relevant to the patient's statement. Chronic low self-esteem best aligns with the patient's expressed feelings of being uninteresting and not valued by others.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse counseling a patient diagnosed with dissociative identity disorder (DID) should understand that the assessment of highest priority is:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: risk for self-harm. In patients with DID, the primary concern is ensuring their safety due to the high risk of self-harm or suicide. Assessing this risk is crucial for immediate intervention to prevent harm. Choice B, cognitive functioning, may be important but is secondary to ensuring patient safety. Choice C, identification of drug abuse, is relevant but not as urgent as addressing the risk for self-harm. Choice D, readiness to reestablish identity or memory, is important but not as critical as ensuring the patient's safety. Therefore, assessing the risk for self-harm takes precedence in the care of a patient with DID.