What emergency contraception has the best efficacy for prevention of pregnancy?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Copper intrauterine devices (IUDs) have the best efficacy for prevention of pregnancy among emergency contraception options. Copper IUDs are over 99% effective when used as emergency contraception, making them more reliable than other methods like Plan B, Yuzpe, or progesterone-only EC. This high efficacy is due to the mechanism of action of copper IUDs, which prevent fertilization and implantation of the fertilized egg. Additionally, once inserted, a copper IUD can continue to provide ongoing contraception for up to 10 years, making it a long-term contraceptive option as well.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct response that shows an understanding of the education provided by the nurse is "C. 'I should call if I soak a pad in 2 hours.'” This response indicates that the person has understood a key post-procedure instruction, which is to monitor for excessive bleeding. Soaking a pad in 2 hours can indicate heavy bleeding, and the person needs to contact their healthcare provider immediately in such a situation. This understanding is crucial for the safety and well-being of the individual after the procedure. Options A, B, and D do not directly address the specific post-procedure instruction related to monitoring bleeding, which is an essential aspect of the education provided by the nurse in this context.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is B) spontaneous abortion. Spontaneous abortion, also known as miscarriage, is the most common cause of first-trimester pregnancy loss. It occurs due to various factors such as genetic abnormalities, hormonal imbalances, maternal health conditions, or uterine abnormalities. Option A) Ectopic pregnancy is not the most common cause of first-trimester loss; it refers to a pregnancy where the fertilized egg implants outside the uterus, often in the fallopian tube. Option C) Cervical insufficiency typically presents as painless cervical dilation leading to second-trimester losses, rather than the most common cause of first-trimester loss. Option D) Stillbirth is the term used when a baby dies in utero after 20 weeks of gestation, which is not applicable to an 8-week gestational loss. Understanding the common causes of pregnancy loss is crucial for nurses caring for women's health. It enables them to provide appropriate support, education, and counseling to patients experiencing such heartbreaking events. Recognizing the most common causes also helps in early identification and management to optimize outcomes for future pregnancies.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In the context of providing bereavement care to a family after a stillbirth, option C, "Are there any religious ceremonies you would like for us to coordinate for you?" is the most appropriate response. This option demonstrates effective communication by acknowledging and respecting the family's cultural and religious beliefs during their time of grief. It shows sensitivity and support by offering to assist in coordinating ceremonies that hold significance for the family, thereby promoting cultural competence and patient-centered care. Options A, B, and D are incorrect for several reasons. Option A is inappropriate as it focuses on the negative aspect of not becoming a parent, which may intensify the family's feelings of loss and sadness. Option B uses insensitive language by referring to the fetus instead of recognizing the loss of a child, which can be distressing for the family. Option D, while well-intentioned, removes the family's autonomy by assuming control of decision-making, which can be disempowering and insensitive during a time of grieving. In an educational context, it is crucial for healthcare providers, especially nurses, to understand the importance of effective communication and cultural sensitivity when providing bereavement care. By recognizing and respecting the unique needs and beliefs of each individual or family, nurses can offer tailored support that promotes healing and coping during the difficult process of grieving.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C) Umbilical cord entanglement can cause fetal death. This is the right choice because umbilical cord accidents, such as entanglement, compression, or prolapse, can lead to decreased oxygen and blood flow to the fetus during labor, resulting in fetal demise. It is crucial for the nurse to explain this to the patient as part of educating them about the possible causes of intrapartum fetal death. Option A is incorrect because not all cases of fetal death may have a clear cause even with an autopsy. Option B is also incorrect as infections can indeed be a cause of fetal death, especially if untreated or severe. Option D is inaccurate because congenital anomalies can also lead to fetal death, not just growth restriction. In an educational context, understanding the various causes of intrapartum fetal death is essential for healthcare providers caring for pregnant women. By explaining these causes to patients, nurses can help them comprehend potential risks and make informed decisions about their care and pregnancy. It also highlights the importance of monitoring fetal well-being during labor to prevent adverse outcomes.