ATI RN
Central Nervous System Stimulants and Related Drugs NCLEX Questions Quizlet Questions
Question 1 of 5
What drug would be appropriate for the treatment of a 15-month-old boy with repeated episodes of powerful contractions of trunk and limb muscles?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In this case, the patient is presenting with episodes of powerful contractions of trunk and limb muscles, which are characteristic of infantile spasms. Ethosuximide is commonly used to treat infantile spasms, making it the most appropriate choice for this patient. Carbamazepine, Phenytoin, and Phenobarbital are not typically used for infantile spasms, and Prednisone is not a first-line treatment for this condition.
Question 2 of 5
Which of the following drugs was most likely prescribed for the 45-year-old man with simple partial seizures who was already on lamotrigine therapy?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The drug that acts by opening a certain family of potassium channels on brain neurons is Perampanel. Given that the patient was already on lamotrigine and needed an additional drug to address his remaining symptoms, Perampanel would be the most likely choice for reducing the frequency of his attacks further.
Question 3 of 5
A 62-year-old man complained to his physician of facial grimacing, lip smacking, and rocking of the trunk that occurred 1 to 2 hours after taking his prescribed medication. The man, who suffered from Parkinson's disease, had been receiving an antiparkinson drug for 3 years. Which of the following drugs most likely caused the adverse effects reported by the man?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The adverse effects of facial grimacing, lip smacking, and rocking of the trunk are symptoms of levodopa-induced dyskinesia, which is a common side effect of long-term levodopa use in Parkinson's disease. This adverse effect is known as levodopa-induced dyskinesia, which is characterized by involuntary movements like grimacing and lip smacking. Therefore, the correct answer is B (Levodopa).
Question 4 of 5
Which of the following actions most likely mediated the reduction in the patient's tremor?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The reduction in the patient's tremor most likely occurred due to the added benzotropine inhibiting the abnormally high cholinergic tone in the striatum. Cholinergic tone plays a significant role in the pathophysiology of Parkinson's disease, and by inhibiting this tone, the tremor can be controlled effectively. This action helps restore the balance between dopamine and acetylcholine, leading to improved motor symptoms in Parkinson's disease patients.
Question 5 of 5
Rivastigmine tachycardia likely due to the antiparkinson therapy. Which of the following actions most likely mediate the adverse effect reported by the patient?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The adverse effect of tachycardia in this case is likely mediated by the decreased acetylcholine release from cholinergic terminals. Rivastigmine is a cholinesterase inhibitor used to treat Alzheimer's disease, and blocking the breakdown of acetylcholine can lead to cholinergic overstimulation, resulting in tachycardia.