What does the term 'incidence' measure in epidemio

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Question 1 of 5

What does the term 'incidence' measure in epidemiology?

A. The prevalence of a disease B. The rate of new cases in a population over a specific period C. The number of people who die from a disease D. The total number of existing cases of a disease

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Incidence (B) measures new cases (e.g., 100/year). A is prevalence, C is mortality, D is prevalence.

Question 2 of 5

The bacteria that are involved in nosocomial (hospital-associated) infections are transmitted most often by

A. airborne matter B. fomites C. exposure to a common source D. direct contact via hands

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Hands are the primary vector (e.g., MRSA spread).

Question 3 of 5

All the following statements about coronary heart disease in the U.S. are true EXCEPT

A. about 5 million Americans have coronary heart disease B. coronary heart disease is the leading cause of death in men 35 to 44 years of age C. among the elderly, angina is a more frequent presentation in women than in men D. the incidence of coronary heart disease increases fivefold from 40 to 60 years of age in both men and women

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: CHD is not the top killer in 35-44 men (accidents higher); others true.

Question 4 of 5

Asthma is characterized by which of the following?

A. Age of onset before age 40 in about 95 percent of cases B. Persistently abnormal forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) C. Greater frequency in girls than boys D. Frequent family history of atopy

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Atopy is common; A (not 95%), B (reversible), C (boys higher) false.

Question 5 of 5

The risk of developing cataracts is increased among all the following persons EXCEPT those

A. who have type I (insulin-dependent) diabetes B. with a history of congenital rubella C. who have type II (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes D. with an occupational exposure to video display terminals

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: VDTs don’t increase cataracts; others do.

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What does the term 'incidence' measure in epidemiology?

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