ATI RN
ATI Nursing Proctored Pediatric Test Banks Questions
Question 1 of 5
What does the surgical closure of the ductus arteriosus do?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The ductus arteriosus is a fetal blood vessel that allows blood to bypass the lungs while in utero. After birth, the ductus arteriosus should close to redirect blood flow through the lungs for oxygenation. Surgical closure of the ductus arteriosus is performed to prevent the shunting of unoxygenated blood from the pulmonary artery to the aorta, therefore stopping the loss of unoxygenated blood to the systemic circulation. This helps to ensure that oxygenated blood is properly circulated to the body tissues and organs.
Question 2 of 5
A 10 years old girl presented with fever and bruises for last 2 weeks. On examination she is pale; however there is no evidence of lymphadenopathy or hepatosplenomegaly. Her Hb is 6g/dl, TLC is 2700 and platelets are 90000. The most appropriate investigation to clinch the diagnosis is:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Bone marrow aspiration is essential to rule out conditions like aplastic anemia or leukemia, which could explain the symptoms and lab findings.
Question 3 of 5
You are assigned to evaluate the outcome of fecal occult blood test as a screening test for patients with bowel cancer. The total number of patients who underwent the test is 2030; in those whom the disease is confirmed are 30. The results of fecal occult blood test are as follows: in 20 patients who has a confirmed bowel cancer (truly positive), and in 180 patients who don't have the disease (falsely positive); in 10 patients who truly has the disease (falsely negative), and in 1820 patients who are not affected by the disease (truly negative). All the following statements are true EXCEPT
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Prevalence = (Total cases / Total population) * 100 = (30 / 2030) * 100 ≈ 1.48%. This statement is correct, so it is the exception as the question asks for the incorrect statement.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is caring for a child after heart surgery. What should the nurse do if evidence of cardiac tamponade is found?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: If evidence of cardiac tamponade is found in a child after heart surgery, it is crucial for the nurse to immediately report this to the physician. Cardiac tamponade is a serious condition where excess fluid or blood accumulates in the pericardial sac, compressing the heart and affecting its ability to pump effectively. Prompt recognition and intervention are essential to prevent potential life-threatening outcomes. The physician would need to assess the child's condition, consider performing procedures to relieve the tamponade such as pericardiocentesis, and provide appropriate treatment to stabilize the child. Delaying reporting and action in cases of cardiac tamponade can lead to further complications and worsen the child's condition.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is assessing a 3-day-old, breastfed newborn who weighed 7 pounds, 8 ounces at birth. The newborn's mother is now concerned that the newborn weighs 6 pounds, 15 ounces. Which is the most appropriate nursing intervention?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: It is normal for newborns to lose weight in the first few days of life, typically up to 10% of their birth weight. In this case, the newborn's weight loss from 7 pounds, 8 ounces to 6 pounds, 15 ounces is within the expected range. It is important for the nurse to reassure the mother that this weight loss is normal and to encourage continued breastfeeding on demand to support newborn hydration and nutrition. There is no need for supplemental feedings at this point unless there are other signs of feeding issues or concerns.