What does the surgical closure of the ductus arteriosus do?

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Question 1 of 9

What does the surgical closure of the ductus arteriosus do?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The ductus arteriosus is a fetal blood vessel that allows blood to bypass the lungs while in utero. After birth, the ductus arteriosus should close to redirect blood flow through the lungs for oxygenation. Surgical closure of the ductus arteriosus is performed to prevent the shunting of unoxygenated blood from the pulmonary artery to the aorta, therefore stopping the loss of unoxygenated blood to the systemic circulation. This helps to ensure that oxygenated blood is properly circulated to the body tissues and organs.

Question 2 of 9

The parents of a 3-month-old infant report that their infant sleeps supine (face up) but is often prone (face down) while awake. What knowledge should the nurse's response should be based?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct knowledge that the nurse's response should be based on is that it is acceptable to encourage head control and turning over. At 3 months of age, encouraging the infant to be prone while awake can help promote the development of head control, neck strength, and eventually facilitate the ability to turn over. This practice is considered safe and beneficial for infants within the appropriate age range, as long as the infant is supervised during the awake period. It is important to promote safe sleep practices for infants to reduce the risk of Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS), but allowing supervised tummy time for an awake infant is beneficial for their motor development.

Question 3 of 9

Which is true of a Wilms tumor? (Select all that apply.)

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Wilms tumor typically occurs in children aged 2-5 years and may be associated with congenital anomalies. It is not the same as neuroblastoma, and its prognosis is generally good with treatment.

Question 4 of 9

Which of the ff instructions should be given to the clients family if a client with impaired swallowing has to take solid medication?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: It is important to instruct the client's family to check with the physician or pharmacist before crushing or breaking tablets, or opening capsules for a client with impaired swallowing who needs to take solid medication. Many medications have special formulations or coating that may alter their effectiveness if not taken whole. Consulting with a healthcare professional ensures that the medication remains safe and effective when modifying its form for a client with difficulty swallowing. Mixing the medication with food (option A) may also alter its effectiveness, so it is crucial to seek guidance before making any changes to the medication form. Using the liquid form of the medication (option B) may be a suitable alternative if available; however, this decision should also be discussed and approved by the healthcare provider. Performing ROM exercises after medication administration (option D) is unrelated to addressing the issue of impaired swallowing and medication administration.

Question 5 of 9

Rehabilitation plans for Mr. Gabatan;

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Rehabilitation plans for Mr. Gabatan should be considered and planned for early in his care. Planning for rehabilitation early on can help maximize his recovery potential, improve outcomes, and assist in a smoother transition back to his daily activities. It is important to involve Mr. Gabatan and his family in the decision-making process to ensure that the rehabilitation plan is tailored to his specific needs and goals. By addressing rehabilitation early, healthcare providers can provide the necessary support and interventions to help Mr. Gabatan achieve the best possible outcomes and quality of life following his illness or injury.

Question 6 of 9

Nursing interventions for the child after a cardiac catheterization should include which actions? (Select all that apply.)

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Allowing ambulation as tolerated helps promote circulation and prevent complications such as blood clots.

Question 7 of 9

A 10-mo-old boy has a left suprarenal mass. Surgery is accomplished with complete removal of the mass as well as the non-adherent lymph nodes; surgical biopsies are taken during surgery. The histology reveals poorly differentiated neuroblastoma with microscopic ipsilateral lymph nodes involvement. The contralateral lymph nodes are negative. Of the following, the BEST therapeutic approach for this infant is

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Complete resection with microscopic residual disease typically warrants adjuvant chemotherapy.

Question 8 of 9

An 8-day-old is admitted with vomiting and dehydration. His HR is 170, RR is 44, BP is 85/52, and T is 99°F. The parents ask if these vital signs are normal. Which is the best response?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: A neonatal heart rate of 170 is above the normal range (90-160 bpm), which is concerning for dehydration.

Question 9 of 9

In embryonic period, formation of all of the following occur by the given time EXCEPT

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Endoderm formation occurs much earlier than 10 weeks in the embryonic period.

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