What does the nursing responsibility in the management of the patient with hypertensive urgency often include?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: In the management of a patient with hypertensive urgency, the nursing responsibility often includes instructing the patient to follow up with a healthcare professional within 24 hours after outpatient treatment (Option D). This is the correct answer because patients with hypertensive urgency require close monitoring and follow-up to ensure their condition is properly managed and any potential complications are addressed promptly. Option A is incorrect because hourly urine output monitoring is not typically a primary nursing responsibility in managing hypertensive urgency. Option B is also incorrect as titration of IV drug dosages every 2 to 3 minutes is too frequent and not standard practice in this scenario. Option C is not a primary nursing responsibility as continuous ECG monitoring is not typically required for the management of hypertensive urgency. Educationally, it is important for nurses to understand the appropriate interventions and follow-up care required for patients with hypertensive urgency to prevent complications. By instructing patients to follow up within 24 hours, nurses ensure continuity of care, medication adherence, and the early detection of any worsening symptoms, contributing to better patient outcomes.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Rationale: Using docusate sodium (Colace) for a patient after an MI is aimed at relieving anxiety and reducing cardiac workload. Following a myocardial infarction (MI), patients often experience anxiety due to the traumatic event and the fear of potential complications. Anxiety can lead to increased sympathetic tone, elevating heart rate and blood pressure, which in turn can increase cardiac workload. By administering docusate sodium, a stool softener, the patient's discomfort from constipation is alleviated. This simple intervention can help reduce anxiety levels, indirectly decreasing sympathetic stimulation and cardiac workload. Option A: Controls ventricular dysrhythmias - This option is incorrect as docusate sodium does not have a direct effect on controlling ventricular dysrhythmias. These dysrhythmias are managed through medications like antiarrhythmics. Option C: Minimizes bradycardia from vagal stimulation - This option is incorrect because docusate sodium is not used to minimize bradycardia resulting from vagal stimulation. Bradycardia is usually addressed with medications like atropine. Option D: Prevents the binding of fibrinogen to platelets - This option is incorrect as docusate sodium does not play a role in preventing the binding of fibrinogen to platelets. This process is related to the coagulation cascade and is managed with anticoagulant medications. Educational Context: It is crucial for healthcare providers to understand the rationale behind using specific medications post-MI to optimize patient care. Addressing anxiety and reducing cardiac workload are essential components of holistic post-MI management. By providing appropriate explanations for medication choices, healthcare professionals can ensure safe and effective care for patients recovering from cardiovascular events.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: In postoperative nursing management of a patient who has undergone a right pneumonectomy, selecting option D, "All of the above," is the correct choice. Monitoring respiratory status is crucial post-pneumonectomy as it helps to detect any signs of respiratory distress, such as decreased oxygen saturation or abnormal breath sounds. Managing pain is essential in promoting patient comfort and aiding in early mobilization, which is crucial for preventing complications like pneumonia or deep vein thrombosis. Preventing complications post-pneumonectomy involves a multifaceted approach, including early ambulation, deep breathing exercises, and vigilant monitoring for signs of infection or bleeding. Options A, B, and C all play critical roles in the comprehensive care of a patient following a pneumonectomy. Monitoring respiratory status ensures prompt detection of any respiratory compromise, managing pain improves patient comfort and promotes early mobilization, and preventing complications is essential in reducing the risk of postoperative issues. By selecting option D, nurses can address all these aspects of care holistically, promoting better outcomes for the patient. Educationally, understanding the importance of comprehensive postoperative care after a pneumonectomy is essential for nurses working in surgical or critical care settings. By mastering the principles of respiratory monitoring, pain management, and complication prevention, nurses can provide high-quality care and improve patient outcomes in the postoperative period. This question highlights the interconnectedness of these nursing interventions and emphasizes the importance of a well-rounded approach to patient care in the post-pneumonectomy setting.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In this context, the correct answer is C) Both A and B - Spirometry and Diffusion capacity. Pulmonary Function Tests (PFTs) are crucial assessments used to evaluate lung function. Spirometry measures the amount and speed of air that a person can inhale and exhale, providing information on lung capacity and airflow. Diffusion capacity assesses how effectively oxygen moves from the lungs into the bloodstream. Option A, Spirometry, alone is not sufficient to provide a comprehensive evaluation of lung function. While it measures lung volumes and airflow rates, it does not assess gas exchange efficiency. Option B, Diffusion capacity, is also essential as it specifically evaluates the transfer of gases in the lungs, but it alone does not provide a complete picture of lung function. By selecting option C, Both A and B, the healthcare provider gains a more comprehensive understanding of the patient's lung health, as both spirometry and diffusion capacity tests complement each other in assessing different aspects of pulmonary function. Understanding these tests and their combined results is crucial for diagnosing and managing various respiratory conditions such as COPD, asthma, and pulmonary fibrosis. Educationally, it is important for healthcare professionals to grasp the significance of different PFT components and how they work together to provide a holistic view of lung function. By interpreting both spirometry and diffusion capacity results, clinicians can make informed decisions regarding patient care, treatment plans, and monitoring respiratory conditions over time. Therefore, understanding why both tests are necessary and how they contribute to a comprehensive assessment is vital for healthcare providers working in respiratory care settings.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In this question from the ATI Med-Surg Cardiovascular Test Bank, the correct answer is "C) coarctation of the aorta." Secondary hypertension refers to high blood pressure caused by an underlying condition or factor, such as coarctation of the aorta. Coarctation of the aorta is a congenital heart defect where the aorta is narrowed, leading to increased pressure in the arteries and secondary hypertension. Option A, "emotional disturbances," is incorrect as emotional stress can cause temporary spikes in blood pressure but is not a common cause of sustained secondary hypertension. Option B, "kidney stones," is also incorrect as kidney stones are not typically associated with secondary hypertension unless they lead to complications like kidney disease. Option D, "pregnancy," is incorrect in the context of secondary hypertension. While pregnancy can lead to gestational hypertension, secondary hypertension in pregnancy is more commonly associated with conditions like preeclampsia. In an educational context, understanding the causes of secondary hypertension is crucial for healthcare providers to properly diagnose and manage patients with high blood pressure. Recognizing conditions like coarctation of the aorta as a potential cause of secondary hypertension helps in providing appropriate treatment and improving patient outcomes. It also highlights the importance of thorough assessment and consideration of underlying factors in managing hypertension effectively.