ATI RN
Peter Attia Drugs Cardiovascular Questions
Question 1 of 5
What does the nurse know to be correct concerning the use of mannitol in patients?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: It decreases intracranial pressure. Mannitol is an osmotic diuretic that works by drawing water from brain tissue into the bloodstream, reducing intracranial pressure. This helps to manage conditions such as cerebral edema. Choices B and C are incorrect because mannitol does not impact intraocular pressure or cause sodium and potassium retention. Choice D is incorrect as mannitol causes diuresis rapidly within minutes to hours, not over several days.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for a female diagnosed with a mental disorder who has been prescribed medication. Which fact will most impact the nurse’s assessment for possible side effects?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because women are at higher risk for tardive dyskinesia while taking conventional antipsychotic medications. This fact is crucial for the nurse's assessment because tardive dyskinesia is a serious side effect characterized by involuntary movements and can be irreversible. Understanding this risk allows the nurse to closely monitor the patient for symptoms and intervene promptly if needed. Choice B is incorrect because there is no evidence to suggest that women experience more severe side effects than men while taking atypical antidepressants. Choice C is incorrect as there is no generalization that women are more susceptible to developing a dependence on most psychiatric medications compared to men. Choice D is incorrect because there is no established evidence that women are less susceptible to developing common side effects of antipsychotic medications than men.
Question 3 of 5
A 38-year-old man has come into the urgent care center with severe hip pain after falling from a ladder at work. He says he has taken several pain pills over the past few hours but cannot remember how many he has taken. He hands the nurse an empty bottle of acetaminophen (Tylenol). The nurse is aware that the most serious toxic effect of acute acetaminophen overdose is which condition?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Hepatic necrosis. Acetaminophen overdose can lead to severe liver damage due to the production of a toxic metabolite. This metabolite depletes glutathione stores in the liver, leading to oxidative stress and hepatocellular injury. Hepatic necrosis can progress to acute liver failure, which can be life-threatening. Tachycardia (choice A) and central nervous system depression (choice B) are not the most serious toxic effects of acetaminjson overdose. Nephropathy (choice D) is not a common consequence of acetaminophen overdose compared to hepatic necrosis.
Question 4 of 5
A patient has been taking naltrexone (ReVia) as part of the treatment for addiction to heroin. The nurse expects that the naltrexone will have which therapeutic effect for this patient?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because naltrexone is an opioid antagonist that blocks the euphoric effects of opioids. Here's the rationale: 1. Naltrexone blocks opioid receptors, preventing the euphoria associated with opioid use. 2. By blocking the euphoric effects, naltrexone reduces the reinforcing properties of opioids. 3. This decreases the likelihood of relapse as the patient does not experience the desired effects of opioids. 4. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because naltrexone does not prevent cravings, act as a substitute, or cause adverse reactions like flushing and sweating.
Question 5 of 5
When starting a patient on antidysrhythmic therapy, the nurse will remember that which problem is a potential adverse effect of any antidysrhythmic drug?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Dysrhythmias. Antidysrhythmic drugs can potentially cause new or worsened dysrhythmias as an adverse effect due to their mechanism of action on cardiac electrophysiology. This can lead to serious complications such as ventricular tachycardia or fibrillation. A: Deficiency of fat-soluble vitamins - Antidysrhythmic drugs do not typically cause this adverse effect. B: Hyperkalemia - While some drugs may affect potassium levels, dysrhythmias are a more direct and common adverse effect of antidysrhythmic drugs. C: Heart failure - While some drugs may exacerbate heart failure in certain situations, dysrhythmias are a more immediate concern with antidysrhythmic therapy.