ATI RN
test bank for health assessment Questions
Question 1 of 5
What do the following ABG values indicate: pH 7.38, PO2 78 mmHg, PCO2 36 mmHg, and HCO3 24 mEq/L?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The given ABG values fall within normal ranges, indicating homeostasis. The pH is within the normal range (7.35-7.45), indicating acid-base balance. The PO2 is slightly lower but still within the normal range (80-100 mmHg). PCO2 falls within the normal range (35-45 mmHg), showing effective ventilation. The HCO3 level is also within the normal range (22-26 mEq/L), indicating proper kidney function. Therefore, all values are within normal limits, reflecting a state of homeostasis. Other choices are incorrect as they suggest imbalances in acid-base status, which is not seen with these values.
Question 2 of 5
Which condition is mammography used to detect?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Mammography is used to detect tumors in the breast tissue. It is a screening tool for breast cancer. Tumors can be either benign or malignant. Mammograms help in early detection of abnormalities in breast tissue. Pain, edema, and epilepsy are unrelated to the purpose of mammography. Pain is a symptom, edema is swelling, and epilepsy is a neurological disorder. Therefore, the correct answer is B because mammography is specifically designed to detect tumors in the breast.
Question 3 of 5
Which sign might a nurse observe in a client with a high ammonia level?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: coma. High ammonia levels can lead to hepatic encephalopathy, causing impaired brain function and potentially leading to coma. Edema (B) is typically associated with fluid retention, not high ammonia levels. Hypoxia (C) is a condition of low oxygen levels, not directly related to high ammonia levels. Polyuria (D) is excessive urination, which is not a common sign of high ammonia levels.
Question 4 of 5
Which response is appropriate when a 20-year-old woman says she needs gastric bypass surgery for weight loss?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Step-by-step rationale for why answer D is correct: 1. Empathy and respect: By saying "I respect your decision to choose surgery," you acknowledge her autonomy and decision-making. 2. Supportive approach: This response shows understanding and non-judgmental support for her choice. 3. Person-centered care: Recognizing her individual needs and choices is crucial in providing quality healthcare. Summary: A: Irrelevant and insensitive to her medical needs. B: Disregards her current situation and overlooks the complexity of weight loss. C: Implies a one-size-fits-all approach without considering her specific circumstances. D: Demonstrates respect, understanding, and support for her decision-making.
Question 5 of 5
What is the safest way to transfer a client with hemiparesis from bed to wheelchair?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because moving the wheelchair close and pivoting on the unaffected extremity is the safest way to transfer a client with hemiparesis. This method minimizes strain on the affected side and reduces the risk of falls. First, ensure the wheelchair is positioned close to the bed. Then, assist the client to pivot by placing weight on the unaffected side and using proper body mechanics. This technique maintains stability and prevents injury. Choice A is incorrect because standing and walking the client to the wheelchair puts excessive strain on the affected side, increasing the risk of falls. Choice C is incorrect as pivoting on the affected extremity can lead to injury and instability. Choice D is incorrect as having the client stand and push to the wheelchair can be dangerous and may cause further harm.