What do sudiferous glands do?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Sudiferous glands are sweat glands with two types: eccrine, which secrete watery sweat through ducts directly to the skin surface for cooling, and apocrine, which secrete thicker sweat into hair follicles, often in areas like the armpits. Sebum is secreted by sebaceous glands, not sudiferous. Cerumen (earwax) comes from ceruminous glands, not sweat glands. The dual mechanism eccrine to the surface, apocrine to follicles defines sudiferous glands' function in thermoregulation and excretion, making this the comprehensive answer.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Apocrine glands, a type of sudiferous gland, secrete a thicker, milky sweat into hair follicles, often in areas like the armpits, triggered by stress or hormones. 'Apocrin' is a nonsense term. Cerumin (cerumen) is earwax from ceruminous glands. Milk comes from mammary glands, not apocrine. As sweat glands, apocrine glands differ from eccrine by their secretion site and composition, contributing to body odor when broken down by bacteria, making sweat the accurate secretion.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Transdermal drugs are applied to the epidermis (e.g., via patches) and absorbed through the skin into the bloodstream for systemic effects, not limited to local action (topical). Muscle injection is intramuscular, and anal insertion is rectal, both unrelated. Application to the epidermis initiates the transdermal process, relying on diffusion through skin layers, a common delivery method in pharmacology, making this the precise definition.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Full-thickness burns over 20% cause life-threatening fluid loss (dehydration) by destroying the waterproof skin barrier and allow infection by removing protection against pathogens. Vitamin D loss isn't acutely fatal. Thermoregulation fails but is secondary to fluid and infection risks. Skin doesn't significantly excrete lactic acid, urea, or uric acid (kidney roles). The dual crisis of fluid loss and infection vulnerability drives burn mortality, as clinical management focuses on fluids and antibiotics, making this the critical pair.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Normal flora (bacteria) reside on the epidermis, particularly the stratum corneum, the skin's surface exposed to the environment. The dermis, beneath, is internal and sterile unless breached. 'Microdermis' isn't a term; likely a typo. The hypodermis, deeper still, isn't a flora habitat. The epidermis, as the outermost layer, hosts these microbes, which thrive without penetrating living tissue, making it the correct location.