ATI RN
ATI Proctored Pharmacology 2024 Questions
Question 1 of 5
What decreases the renin angiotensin aldosterone system?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Angiotensin 2 receptor antagonists work by blocking the action of angiotensin 2 on its receptors, therefore inhibiting the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS). By inhibiting this system, angiotensin 2 receptor antagonists help to decrease blood pressure and reduce the workload on the heart. This is in contrast to ACE inhibitors, which also affect the RAAS but work by preventing the formation of angiotensin 2 in the first place. Beta blockers, such as propranolol, work by blocking the effects of adrenaline (epinephrine) on beta receptors, mainly in the heart. While they are commonly used to manage high blood pressure and reduce the heart rate, they do not directly decrease the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system like angiotensin 2 receptor antagonists.
Question 2 of 5
A 52-year-old man who works as an air traffic controller has seasonal allergies. Currently, he is very symptomatic but cannot miss work because of staffing issues. Which of the following agents would be best suited for this patient?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: An air traffic controller needs a non-sedating allergy treatment. Fexofenadine , a second-generation antihistamine, avoids drowsiness. Chlorpheniramine , Diphenhydramine , and Doxylamine sedate. Hydroxylamine (E) isn't a drug. Fexofenadine ensures safety and efficacy for his job.
Question 3 of 5
Which statement about ARBs does the nurse identify as being true?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: One of the key differences between Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers (ARBs) and Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (ACE) inhibitors is their impact on potassium levels. While both medications can cause hyperkalemia (high potassium levels), it is generally considered more likely to occur with ARBs compared to ACE inhibitors. This is because ACE inhibitors inhibit the breakdown of bradykinin, which in turn can enhance potassium retention, increasing the risk of hyperkalemia. Therefore, the nurse would correctly identify this statement about ARBs as being true.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse administers lorazepam (Ativan) to a client with anxiety. Which statement by the client indicates understanding of the medication?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Lorazepam, a benzodiazepine, reduces anxiety via GABA enhancement but potentiates CNS depression with alcohol, risking sedation or respiratory failure. Avoiding alcohol shows understanding of this danger, key for safety. Driving is unsafe due to drowsiness. It doesn't cure anxiety 'it's symptomatic relief. Extra doses risk dependence. Avoiding alcohol aligns with lorazepam's pharmacology, critical in anxiety management where misuse is common, making B the statement reflecting proper education.
Question 5 of 5
During diuretic therapy, the nurse monitors the fluid and electrolyte status of the patient. Which assessment findings are symptoms of hyponatremia? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Lethargy is a common symptom of hyponatremia, which is a low sodium level in the blood. it is often associated with a decrease in brain function due to the imbalance of electrolytes.