What condition might a 77-year-old male client with fever, cough, and pleuritic chest pain have?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Pneumonia. In a 77-year-old male with fever, cough, and pleuritic chest pain, pneumonia is the most likely diagnosis. Fever, cough, and chest pain are common symptoms of pneumonia, especially when the pain worsens with breathing (pleuritic chest pain). Pneumonia is an infection of the lungs commonly caused by bacteria or viruses, leading to inflammation and fluid accumulation in the air sacs. ARDS (choice A) typically presents with severe respiratory distress after an acute injury to the lungs. MI (choice B) presents with chest pain, but usually not pleuritic, and other symptoms like sweating, nausea, and arm pain. Tuberculosis (choice D) can present with cough and chest pain, but it is less likely in this scenario without other specific risk factors.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Stridor. Stridor is a high-pitched, noisy breathing sound that indicates airway obstruction, a potential complication of bronchoscopy. Immediate reporting is crucial for prompt intervention. A: Blood-streaked sputum may occur post-bronchoscopy but does not require immediate reporting unless excessive or persistent. B: Dry cough is a common post-procedure symptom and does not necessitate immediate reporting. C: Hematuria (blood in urine) is not a typical complication of bronchoscopy and would not be directly related to the procedure.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Give 3 hyperinflations. Hyperventilating a patient before suctioning helps increase oxygen levels and reduce the risk of hypoxemia during the procedure. Hyperinflations involve delivering 3 deep breaths to the patient, which helps improve oxygenation and prepare the patient for suctioning. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because simply giving inflations, adjusting oxygen flow rate, or providing 100% oxygen without hyperinflations may not adequately prepare the patient for suctioning and prevent hypoxemia.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Gag reflex. This is crucial to prevent aspiration during oral care for a comatose client. Checking the gag reflex helps ensure that the client can protect their airway and swallow safely. It is the top priority before providing any oral care to prevent potential choking or aspiration. The other choices are incorrect because: A: Presence of pain is important, but ensuring the client's safety and preventing aspiration takes precedence. B: Condition of the integumentary is not directly related to oral care and safety during the procedure. D: Joint mobility is also not directly related to oral care in a comatose client.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Check compatibility of the medication and IV fluids. Before administering the medications, it is crucial to ensure compatibility to prevent any adverse reactions or inactivation of the drugs. Checking compatibility involves verifying if the medications can be safely mixed and administered through the same IV line. This step helps in maintaining the effectiveness of the medications and ensuring patient safety. Summary: - Starting a second IV site (Choice A) is not necessary unless compatibility issues arise. - Mixing the prepackaged piperacillin/tazobactam per agency policy (Choice C) should only be done after verifying compatibility. - Priming the tubing with the IV solution and back-priming the medication (Choice D) should be done after confirming compatibility to avoid wastage.