What community health nursing activity demonstrates the role of a change partner?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because teaching anger management skills to teens in a halfway house involves collaborating with individuals to promote behavioral change, demonstrating the role of a change partner. Administering vaccinations (A) is more of a healthcare provider role. Analyzing community problems (B) is part of assessment and planning, not direct change partnership. Establishing a care center (C) addresses a need but does not necessarily involve actively facilitating behavior change.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Assessment phase. This is when data collection occurs to understand the community's health needs and structure. It sets the foundation for planning interventions. Planning phase (B) involves developing strategies based on assessment findings. Implementation phase (C) is about executing the planned interventions. Evaluation phase (D) assesses the outcomes of the interventions. Data collection in the assessment phase is crucial to inform subsequent steps and tailor interventions to the community's specific needs.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Call all homeless clients 48 hours after testing to remind them to return to the clinic for follow-up. This is the most appropriate policy because it addresses the issue of clients not returning for follow-up by actively reminding them. Calling clients directly helps establish a personal connection, shows care, and emphasizes the importance of follow-up. It allows for immediate communication and clarification if needed. Choice B is incorrect because relying on homeless persons to read and mail in test results may not be reliable or effective due to potential literacy issues, lack of access to mail services, or forgetting to mail the results. Choice C is incorrect because re-administering the test is not necessary if the client returns later than scheduled. It may lead to unnecessary testing and delays in receiving appropriate care. Choice D is incorrect because routinely referring all homeless clients for chest X-rays is not justified without confirming the need based on the Mantoux test results. It may result in unnecessary radiation exposure and resource allocation.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Secondary prevention. The OHN removing a foreign body from a client's eye is implementing secondary prevention. This is because secondary prevention focuses on early detection and treatment of health issues to prevent further complications. In this scenario, the OHN is intervening to address the existing problem (foreign body in the eye) before it can cause any further damage or complications. A: Primary care focuses on providing general healthcare services to promote overall health and prevent diseases. B: Primary prevention aims to prevent the occurrence of health issues before they occur through education, vaccinations, etc. D: Tertiary prevention involves managing and treating existing health conditions to prevent further complications.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because it aligns with the ethical principle of equality and the duty to meet basic needs. In this scenario, the man's demand to see a doctor stems from the fundamental belief that all individuals should be treated equally and have access to necessary medical care to prevent death. This ethical premise is rooted in the principle of justice and compassion, emphasizing the value of human life and the responsibility to provide assistance in times of need. Incorrect answers: A: This choice focuses on financial contributions and entitlement based on taxes, which is not the primary ethical consideration in this situation. B: While saving a life can benefit society, this choice does not address the ethical premise of equality and basic needs that underpin the man's demand for medical care. D: This choice emphasizes property rights, which are not directly relevant to the ethical justification for providing medical assistance based on equality and basic human needs.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Health is an outcome. In the Ottawa Charter on Health Promotion, the focus is on health as an outcome of various determinants such as social, economic, and environmental factors, not just the absence of illness. This definition emphasizes that health is a result of individual and collective efforts to promote well-being. Choice B is incorrect because the Ottawa Charter emphasizes the importance of maintaining and promoting health, not prioritizing enjoyment over health. Choice C is incorrect as it does not fully capture the complexity of health as an outcome influenced by various factors beyond daily activities. Choice D is incorrect as health is not solely about maintaining a stable environment but rather a holistic outcome of multiple determinants.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Correct Answer: D Rationale: 1. Dementia is not a mood disorder (Choice A), as it primarily affects cognitive functions, not emotions. 2. Dementia is not acute confusion (Choice B), which is characteristic of delirium, a sudden change in mental status. 3. Dementia is more than just forgetfulness (Choice C), as it involves a decline in multiple cognitive abilities. 4. Choice D is correct as dementia is characterized by progressive intellectual impairment, affecting memory, language, problem-solving, and other cognitive functions.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Reassessing community health needs to determine if they have been met. This is the best way to determine the effectiveness of a CHN's advocacy and interventions because it directly evaluates whether the identified community health needs have been addressed. By reassessing the community's health needs, the CHN can measure if the interventions implemented have made a positive impact on the community's health outcomes. This approach focuses on outcomes and ensures that the interventions are aligned with the actual needs of the community. Choice A: Asking the CHN about the basis for the interventions and their perception is not as reliable because it relies on subjective self-assessment rather than objective evaluation of outcomes. Choice B: Examining morbidity and mortality rates can provide valuable data but may not capture the full scope of community health needs or the effectiveness of the interventions. Choice D: Surveying community residents regarding their perception can provide insights but may not provide comprehensive data on the overall impact of the interventions on community health

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: The group's leadership. Effective leadership is crucial in guiding and motivating a group towards achieving its goals. Leaders provide direction, support, and organization which directly impacts the effectiveness of a group's work. General knowledge (A) is important but leadership is needed to harness and utilize this knowledge effectively. Group diversity (C) can enhance creativity but leadership is essential to manage and leverage diversity. Group health behaviors (D) are important but not as influential as leadership in determining the overall effectiveness of a group's work.