ATI RN
Free Medical Surgical Certification Practice Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
What comfort measure may the nurse delegate to unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP) for a client receiving O2 at 4 liters per nasal cannula?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A - Apply water-soluble ointment to nares and lips. This is an appropriate comfort measure that can be safely delegated to UAP as it helps prevent dryness and irritation caused by the oxygen flow. UAP can apply ointment without adjusting the oxygen flow rate (B), which should be done by licensed staff. Removing the tubing (C) can disrupt oxygen delivery. Turning the client (D) is important for preventing pressure ulcers but is not directly related to oxygen therapy comfort.
Question 2 of 5
During an acute asthma attack, a healthcare provider assesses a client. Which assessment finding indicates that the client's condition is worsening?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Decreased breath sounds. This finding indicates worsening asthma as it signifies decreased airflow to the lungs, which can lead to inadequate oxygenation. Loud wheezing (A) is common in asthma but does not necessarily indicate worsening. Increased respiratory rate (B) is a compensatory mechanism to improve oxygenation. Productive cough (D) may indicate clearing of mucus and is not necessarily associated with worsening asthma.
Question 3 of 5
A client is prescribed prednisone for asthma management. Which statement by the client indicates a need for further teaching?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because stopping prednisone abruptly can lead to adrenal insufficiency due to the suppression of the body's natural cortisol production. The client should never stop taking prednisone suddenly without consulting the healthcare provider. Choice A is correct because prednisone is often used as a daily preventive medication for asthma. Choice B is correct as prednisone can lower the immune system, making the client more susceptible to infections. Choice C is incorrect because prednisone is usually taken with food to minimize stomach upset.
Question 4 of 5
A client with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is being assessed by a nurse. Which finding does the nurse expect?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Increased anteroposterior (AP) chest diameter. In COPD, the chronic obstruction of airflow leads to air trapping in the lungs, causing the chest to expand more front-to-back (increased AP diameter). This is known as "barrel chest" and is a characteristic finding in COPD due to hyperinflation of the lungs. Incorrect choices: B: Decreased respiratory rate is not expected in COPD as patients may have increased respiratory rate due to difficulty breathing. C: Weight gain is not a typical finding in COPD as patients often experience weight loss due to increased energy expenditure and decreased appetite. D: Productive cough with yellow sputum is common in COPD, but it is not the most specific finding for this condition.
Question 5 of 5
A client is prescribed albuterol (Proventil) via a metered-dose inhaler. Which action should the nurse take to ensure effective use of this medication?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Have the client hold their breath for 10 seconds after inhaling the medication. This action promotes medication deposition in the lungs by allowing the albuterol to reach deeper into the airways. Holding the breath for 10 seconds ensures better absorption and effectiveness of the medication. Explanation of Incorrect Choices: A: Inhaling quickly may cause the medication to not reach the lower airways effectively. C: Exhaling immediately after inhaling the medication can decrease the amount of medication reaching the lungs. D: Using the inhaler only when experiencing symptoms may lead to ineffective management of respiratory conditions.