ATI RN
Clinical Pharmacology of Cardiovascular Drugs PPT Questions
Question 1 of 5
What client information does a nurse need to assess prior to initiating medication therapy with phenelzine (Nardil)?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because phenelzine (Nardil) is a monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI) which requires regular blood work monitoring to assess for potential side effects like hypertensive crisis. This is crucial for client safety and treatment efficacy. Choice B is incorrect as mood and affect score alone does not directly relate to medication therapy initiation. Choice C is not directly related to the need for regular blood work monitoring. Choice D is also incorrect as support network availability is important but not a priority before initiating medication therapy with phenelzine.
Question 2 of 5
An older female adult patient who has been treated with clozapine (Clozaril) for 9 months calls to cancel a clinic appointment because of flulike symptoms, including a sore throat, fever, and tiredness. Which statement shows the best understanding regarding the management of the patient’s symptoms?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Step-by-step rationale for answer B: 1. Clozapine can cause agranulocytosis, a serious side effect characterized by a low white blood cell count. 2. The patient's symptoms of sore throat, fever, and tiredness may indicate a potential infection or agranulocytosis. 3. Blood work is necessary to monitor the patient's white blood cell count to rule out agranulocytosis. 4. Keeping the appointment and arranging for blood work allows for timely assessment and appropriate management. Summary of other choices: A: Incorrect. Advising the patient to drink juices and water and rest without further assessment may delay necessary medical intervention. C: Incorrect. Merely acknowledging flu season without taking proactive steps to assess the patient's condition is inadequate. D: Incorrect. Jumping to conclusions about the seriousness of the symptoms without proper evaluation through blood work is premature and may cause unnecessary alarm.
Question 3 of 5
The client’s family asks whether hypothyroidism and Parkinson’s disease are associated with any mental health issues. The nurse answers, 'Yes, the main concern is:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: depression. Hypothyroidism and Parkinson's disease can both lead to symptoms of depression due to their impact on neurotransmitters and hormones. Hypothyroidism can cause fatigue, weight gain, and mood changes, while Parkinson's disease can lead to decreased dopamine levels, affecting mood. Bipolar disorder (B) is not directly associated with these conditions. Schizophrenia (C) is a separate mental health disorder with different symptoms. Posttraumatic stress disorder (D) is more related to experiencing a traumatic event, not specifically linked to hypothyroidism or Parkinson's disease.
Question 4 of 5
When evaluating a patient who is taking orlistat (Xenical), which is an intended therapeutic effect?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Decreased weight. Orlistat works by inhibiting the absorption of dietary fats in the intestines, leading to reduced calorie intake and ultimately weight loss. This is the intended therapeutic effect of orlistat. A: Increased wakefulness - Orlistat does not affect wakefulness. B: Increased appetite - Orlistat actually helps reduce appetite by promoting a feeling of fullness. D: Decreased hyperactivity - Orlistat does not have any direct impact on hyperactivity.
Question 5 of 5
In assessing a patient before administration of a cardiac glycoside, the nurse knows that which lab result can increase the toxicity of the drug?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Potassium level 2.8 mEq/L. Low potassium levels can increase the toxicity of cardiac glycosides as they compete for the same binding sites on cardiac cells leading to enhanced drug effects. Potassium plays a crucial role in cardiac function, and low levels can potentiate the risk of cardiac glycoside toxicity. This can result in serious cardiac arrhythmias and even cardiac arrest. Summary: - Choice B: Potassium level 4.9 mEq/L is within normal range and would not increase toxicity. - Choice C: Sodium level 140 mEq/L is not directly related to cardiac glycoside toxicity. - Choice D: Calcium level 10 mg/dL is not typically associated with increased toxicity of cardiac glycosides.