ATI RN
100 Questions on the Cardiovascular System Questions
Question 1 of 5
What causes the semilunar valves to open?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Semilunar valves open when ventricular pressure exceeds arterial pressure (B, ~80 mmHg diastolic) during systole. A is the result, C/D don’t open valves.
Question 2 of 5
Identify the factors that affect peripheral resistance.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Peripheral resistance depends on arterial diameter (major), length, and blood viscosity (A). Cardiac output (B), HR/SV (C), and venous factors (D) influence BP, not resistance directly.
Question 3 of 5
Identify the blood vessel that is generally used to determine blood pressure with a sphygmomanometer.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The brachial artery (C) in the upper arm is used with a sphygmomanometer (cuff) to measure BP. Radial (A) is for pulse, subclavian (B) is deep, and carotid (D) is in the neck.
Question 4 of 5
Identify the vessel that transports oxygen rich blood to the fetus.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The umbilical vein (D) carries oxygen-rich blood from the placenta to the fetus. Umbilical arteries (C) return deoxygenated blood, ductus arteriosus (A) and venosus (B) are shunts.
Question 5 of 5
The innermost layer of the blood vessels is made up of:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The innermost layer (tunica intima) is endothelium (B), a simple squamous epithelium specialized for blood contact. Ciliated (A) and columnar (C) are not in vessels; D is a general term overlapping with B.