ATI RN
Current Issues in Maternal-Newborn Nursing Questions
Question 1 of 5
What assessment finding suggests that a patient may have fibrocystic breast changes?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Fibrocystic breast changes typically present with breast pain and a cyclic pattern of nodularity and/or lumps in the breast tissue. The characteristic assessment finding that suggests fibrocystic breast changes is the firm, ropy feel of the breast tissue under the skin. This texture is due to the presence of fibrous tissue and cysts within the breast, which can be felt during the physical examination. While nipple discharge and skin changes like peau d’orange can be associated with different breast conditions, the firm and ropy feel of the breast tissue is more specific to fibrocystic changes.
Question 2 of 5
A college-aged female patient states that she understands the risk of sexual assault with overdrinking. She asks the nurse what health risks are associated with excessive alcohol intake for her age. What diseases or conditions should the nurse include in her response? Select all that apply
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A. Excessive alcohol intake is a risk factor for developing cancer, particularly cancers of the mouth, throat, esophagus, liver, and breast. Chronic alcohol use can increase the individual's susceptibility to these types of cancers.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is caring for a patient who has HSV and is pregnant. The patient is concerned about the fetus. What medication is safest to take?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Acyclovir is the antiviral medication of choice for treating HSV (Herpes Simplex Virus) infections during pregnancy due to its known safety profile. It is classified as Category B by the FDA, indicating that there is no evidence of risk to the fetus based on animal studies. Valacyclovir and famciclovir, on the other hand, are both classified as Category B (risk cannot be ruled out) and Category C (animal studies have shown adverse effects) by the FDA, respectively. It is generally recommended to avoid taking unnecessary medications during pregnancy, but if treatment for HSV is necessary, acyclovir is considered the safest option.
Question 4 of 5
What assessment finding suggests that a patient may have fibrocystic breast changes?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Fibrocystic breast changes typically present with breast pain and a cyclic pattern of nodularity and/or lumps in the breast tissue. The characteristic assessment finding that suggests fibrocystic breast changes is the firm, ropy feel of the breast tissue under the skin. This texture is due to the presence of fibrous tissue and cysts within the breast, which can be felt during the physical examination. While nipple discharge and skin changes like peau d’orange can be associated with different breast conditions, the firm and ropy feel of the breast tissue is more specific to fibrocystic changes.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is providing care to a 72-year-old female patient. While providing care, the nurse instructs the patient to slowly rise from a sitting or prone position. What is the pathophysiological reason for this instruction?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: As people age, their baroreceptor sensitivity decreases, making them more prone to orthostatic hypotension, especially when changing positions quickly. Orthostatic hypotension is a significant concern in the elderly population as it can lead to falls and injuries. By instructing the patient to rise slowly from a sitting or prone position, the nurse is helping to prevent a rapid drop in blood pressure that can occur with sudden position changes. This precaution is particularly important in elderly patients to minimize the risk of falls and subsequent injuries.