What are the SE of benzodiazepines?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Sedation and respiratory depression. Benzodiazepines are known to cause sedative effects by enhancing the action of GABA in the brain, leading to relaxation and drowsiness. Respiratory depression can occur, especially in high doses or when combined with other depressants. Option B is incorrect as benzodiazepines typically do not increase energy and alertness but rather have a calming effect. Option C is also incorrect as weight gain and increased appetite are not commonly associated with benzodiazepines. Option D is incorrect because benzodiazepines do have side effects, including sedation and respiratory depression.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because lithium toxicity can manifest with a range of symptoms affecting different body systems. Tremors and ataxia (A) are common neuromuscular symptoms. Confusion and convulsions (B) are neurological symptoms. Nausea and vomiting (C) are gastrointestinal symptoms. Therefore, all of the above (D) are potential side effects of lithium toxicity due to its impact on various bodily functions. It is important to recognize and monitor for these symptoms to prevent serious complications.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D, "All of the above." Nortriptyline, a tricyclic antidepressant, can cause sedation, orthostatic hypotension, dry mouth, urinary retention, cardiac dysrhythmias, and decreased libido. Sedation and orthostatic hypotension are common side effects due to its anticholinergic and alpha-adrenergic blocking properties. Dry mouth and urinary retention are also common due to its anticholinergic effects. Cardiac dysrhythmias can occur due to its effects on sodium channels, and decreased libido is a potential side effect. Therefore, all the mentioned side effects can occur with nortriptyline use.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: All of the above. Nursing interventions for conversion disorder should include setting limits and being consistent to provide structure and boundaries, being supportive yet assertive to validate the patient's feelings while guiding them towards recovery, and encouraging patient independence to promote self-reliance and empowerment. Each of these interventions plays a crucial role in addressing the psychological and emotional aspects of conversion disorder, promoting healing and overall well-being. Therefore, all the choices are important and necessary in providing comprehensive care for individuals with conversion disorder.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because benzodiazepines like chlordiazepoxide and diazepam are the first-line treatment for alcohol withdrawal delirium due to their ability to manage symptoms and prevent seizures. Antipsychotics like haloperidol (choice B) can worsen delirium, and antidepressants like fluoxetine (choice C) are not indicated for acute alcohol withdrawal. Choice D is incorrect as antipsychotics and antidepressants are not recommended for alcohol withdrawal delirium.