Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Metformin has dual actions by decreasing hepatic glucose production and intestinal glucose absorption, which helps in reducing blood glucose levels, and it also increases sensitivity to insulin, aiding in its proper utilization within the body. Therefore, the correct answer is D, as metformin performs both of these actions.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Patients taking ACE inhibitors should avoid salt substitutes as they often contain potassium, which can lead to hyperkalemia. Hyperkalemia is an elevated level of potassium in the blood that can be dangerous, especially for patients on ACE inhibitors. Therefore, it is important for the patient to avoid salt substitutes to prevent potential complications.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Muscle pain can be a sign of rhabdomyolysis, a rare but serious side effect of statins like atorvastatin, and should be reported immediately. This is crucial to monitor for potential complications and ensure timely intervention if needed.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Filgrastim is a medication used to stimulate the production of white blood cells, specifically neutrophils, to increase the white blood cell count. This increase in white blood cells helps reduce the risk of infections in clients with neutropenia, a condition characterized by low levels of neutrophils.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct instruction to include when starting furosemide is to weigh yourself daily. Daily weighing helps monitor for fluid loss or retention, which is crucial when taking a diuretic like furosemide.