What are signs of neonatal sepsis that a nurse should monitor for?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because lethargy, poor perfusion, and apnea are classic signs of neonatal sepsis. Lethargy indicates decreased activity and responsiveness, poor perfusion suggests inadequate blood circulation, and apnea is a serious respiratory issue. These signs indicate a systemic infection affecting multiple organs. Choices A, B, and D do not align with typical symptoms of neonatal sepsis. Tachypnea, poor feeding, and temperature instability (Choice A) are more general and can be seen in various conditions. Increased alertness, reduced crying, and stable vitals (Choice B) are not indicative of sepsis, as sepsis typically causes the opposite. Hyperthermia, bradycardia, and cyanosis (Choice D) can be present in sepsis, but they are not as specific or as common as the signs in Choice C.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Feed the newborn formula immediately. The first action for a newborn showing signs of hypoglycemia is to provide them with a source of glucose to raise their blood sugar levels quickly. Formula feeding is an effective way to achieve this as it provides a concentrated source of glucose. Encouraging breastfeeding or formula feeding (choice B) is a good option but may not address the immediate need for glucose. Monitoring glucose levels every hour (choice C) is important but not the first action to take in an acute situation. Notifying the healthcare provider immediately (choice D) is necessary but should come after addressing the immediate need for glucose.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: No dietary restriction (done 24-28 weeks' gestation). This is because the glucose challenge test (GCT) is typically performed between 24-28 weeks of gestation to screen for gestational diabetes. It is important not to have any dietary restrictions before the test to ensure accurate results. Restricting food intake before the test can lead to false results. Other choices are incorrect because they do not align with the standard practice of performing the GCT between 24-28 weeks and avoiding dietary restrictions before the test.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because the priority in nursing care after a miscarriage and D&C is to assess the woman's physical and emotional well-being. By using the nursing intervention of assessment first, the nurse can determine any immediate needs for pain management, emotional support, or further medical intervention. This helps in providing individualized care and addressing any potential complications promptly. Choice A is incorrect because assessing her response to loss comes after ensuring her immediate physical and emotional needs are met. Choice C is incorrect as it focuses on material items rather than the woman's well-being. Choice D is incomplete and does not provide a viable option for nursing intervention.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Through your rectal sphincter. A 3rd degree laceration involves the perineal body and extends through the anal sphincter muscles. This type of laceration can occur with a midline episiotomy during childbirth. The rectal sphincter is a part of the anal canal and can be torn in severe cases. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because a 3rd degree laceration does not involve the vaginal mucosa, cervix, or bladder. The tear is specifically related to the rectal area due to the extension of the episiotomy.