What are general explanations that scholars use to explain, predict, control, and understand commonly occurring events?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Theories. Theories are comprehensive explanations that scholars use to understand commonly occurring events by organizing and explaining a set of principles or laws. Theories help in predicting and controlling events based on established frameworks. Constructs (B) refer to abstract concepts within theories, systems (C) are organized structures of elements, and propositions (D) are statements that describe relationships between concepts, but they do not provide the comprehensive explanations that theories do.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: conceptual model of caring. In this scenario, the nurse wants to apply nursing theory to practice in a unit dealing with domestic violence. Watson's Theory of Caring emphasizes the importance of the nurse-patient relationship, which is central when addressing sensitive issues like domestic violence. By considering the interrelatedness of the constructs of this theory, the nurse can develop a conceptual model that guides her practice in providing caring and compassionate care to domestic violence survivors. This model will help her incorporate key elements of caring, such as empathy and respect, into her nursing interventions. Summary: B: Hypothesis of the impact of caring on domestic violence - This choice is incorrect as it focuses on the impact of caring on domestic violence, rather than the application of a nursing theory to practice. C: Proposition of how caring is conceptualized - This choice is incorrect as it only addresses the conceptualization of caring, not the practical application of a nursing theory to practice. D: Theory of scientific

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Environment. Nursing theory often includes the concept of environment, which encompasses physical, social, and psychological factors influencing a patient's health. This concept helps nurses understand the context in which care is provided and how it impacts health outcomes. Incorrect choices: B: Health - While health is a fundamental aspect of nursing, it is not specific to nursing theory concepts. C: Nursing - This is a broad term encompassing the profession itself, not a specific concept within nursing theory. D: Relevance - This term is not directly associated with nursing theory concepts and does not provide a framework for understanding nursing practice.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: National Institute of Nursing Research. This organization is part of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) and specifically focuses on funding nursing research. The NIH is a federal agency that provides funding for various scientific research areas, including nursing. The other choices, B: Robert Wood Johnson Foundation, C: W. K. Kellogg Foundation, and D: Sigma Theta Tau International, are not federal organizations and do not provide federal funding. Robert Wood Johnson Foundation is a private philanthropic organization, W. K. Kellogg Foundation is a private foundation focused on children's wellbeing, and Sigma Theta Tau International is an honor society for nursing professionals.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Grounded theory is the correct answer because it involves developing a theory based on analyzing data collected from participants. In this case, the researcher is reviewing data from a grief support group to identify patterns and themes, ultimately leading to the development of a theory on how widows and widowers mourn. Phenomenology focuses on understanding individuals' lived experiences, not developing theories. Case study involves an in-depth analysis of a single case, not suitable for developing a theory. Hypothesis generation is part of quantitative research, not qualitative research design.