What are examples of opioids?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because codeine, hydrocodone, and oxycodone are all examples of opioids. Opioids are a class of drugs that act on the nervous system to relieve pain. Codeine, hydrocodone, and oxycodone are commonly prescribed for pain relief. Choice B includes antidepressants (fluoxetine, sertraline, and paroxetine) which do not belong to the opioid class. Choice C includes mood stabilizers (lithium, valproate, and carbamazepine) that are also unrelated to opioids. Choice D states "None of the above," which is incorrect as choice A includes examples of opioids.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because both A and B are used for seizure control in alcohol withdrawal delirium. Carbamazepine and valproic acid are anticonvulsants that help prevent and control seizures. Magnesium sulfate and thiamine are also commonly used to manage alcohol withdrawal symptoms, including seizures. Carbamazepine and valproic acid target the brain's electrical activity to prevent seizures, while magnesium sulfate and thiamine help replenish essential nutrients and minerals depleted by alcohol use. Therefore, a combination of both medications is often necessary for effective seizure control in alcohol withdrawal delirium. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because they do not provide the comprehensive treatment approach needed for managing seizures in alcohol withdrawal delirium.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because the treatment for damages from inhalants involves supporting affected systems and providing vitamin B12 and folate. Vitamin B12 and folate help repair nerve damage caused by inhalant abuse. Administering antipsychotics and antidepressants (choice B) is not the appropriate treatment for inhalant damages as they do not address the specific physiological effects of inhalants. Choice C is incorrect as it combines two incorrect treatments. Choice D is incorrect as treatment is necessary for inhalant damages.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because it encompasses comprehensive nursing interventions for dementia-related bowel and bladder function. Beginning a program early helps establish routines, evaluating diaper use ensures proper management, and labeling rooms aids orientation. Choice A addresses proactive intervention, B focuses on practical management, and C supports environmental cues. Overall, combining all three strategies provides a holistic approach to effectively manage bowel and bladder function in dementia patients.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because assessing for suicidal or homicidal thoughts or plans (option A) is crucial to ensure patient safety in a crisis. Additionally, assessing the patient's perception of the event, available supports, and coping skills (option B) is essential to understand the patient's mental state and provide appropriate interventions. Combining both assessments (options A and B) allows nurses to comprehensively address the patient's immediate safety and mental health needs during a crisis. Option D is incorrect as both assessments are vital in crisis situations.